Suppiluliuma Ier

Suppiluliuma Ier is king of the Hittites of 1380 with 1336 av. J. - C..

With died of Tudhaliya III, the heir to the throne, Thudhaliyas “the young person”, is assassinated and replaced by an energetic prince, Suppiluliuma, wire junior by Tudhaliya III. Remarkable general, it succeeds in rectifying the military situation and saving the empire hittite threatened by the invasions.

During the first twelve years of its reign, Suppiluliuma imposes its authority to the king of Arzawa, subjects the country of Azzi (Anatolia Eastern) and holds in failure the Gasgas, barbarians of the mountains of the Pont. It leads actions in Murad-Known, one of the branches of the higher Euphrate in order to make sure the domination of the mines of Cuivre. It signs an agreement with the king of the Kizzuwatna which accepts, against certain advantages, a kind of suzerainty hittite and allows the direct access in Syria the imperial armies. Master of the Minor Asia and reinforced by the quotas of his vassal, Suppiluliuma turns then to Syria.

In 1368 av. J. - C., Suppiluliuma penetrates in Syria of North, takes Alep, vassalizes many Syrian States and carries the border hittite to the Lebanon. Suppiluliuma does not establish a direct administration, being satisfied with a recognition of the primacy hittite. The king of the Mitanni Tushratta organizes with his departure a vast coalition (Alep, Alalakh, Qatna, Qadesh, Damas). Ougarit keeps away from the movement.

In 1360 av. J. - C., Suppiluliuma conducts a campaign against Mitanni: surprising united which awaits it in Syria, it attacks initially the Ishuwa then plunders Washshukanni, the capital from where the king Tushratta fled, then its offensive in Syria continues to help Ougarit, begins again Alep and the united cities (except Damas). Mitanni preserves only Karkemish on the Euphrate. The latter is taken by Hittites in 1354 av. J. - C., and becomes the second city of the empire.

Suppiluliuma dies of the plague caused by the deportations which it had ordered in 1336 av. J. - C.. Arnuwanda succeeds to him.

External bonds

Acts of Suppiluliuma
Card on the recent Empire hittite, of which the reign of Suppiluliuma, located there of 1344 to 1320

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