Study committee and of connections of the Breton interests

The Study committee and of connections of the Breton interests ( CELIB ) was created on July 22nd, 1950 by a group of personalities of which Rene Pleven, Joseph Halléguen and Joseph Martray. In the context of the post-war period, it is a question of promoting the economic development and the identity of the Brittany (five departments: Coast-of-North, Finistere, Ille-et-Vilaine, Loire-Inférieure and Morbihan), while benefitting from the plane of rebuilding and the Marshall plan. Instigated by its secretary Joseph Martray, this “Breton lobby” obtains many installations (the Breton Road Plan for example) and is at the origin of the process of regionalization in France (creation in 1964 of CODING whose first will be created in Brittany).

Objective

In 1950, Brittany is very late with the economic plan (90% of the rural housings are without running water against 34% in France). The key ideas of the CELIB are then of:

to allow Brittany to know a new phase of development
to make of Brittany a priority area of the policy of town and country planning. This forever designed policy as a policy of assistance but as a framework allowing the regional initiatives to develop.
to give again a second breath with a bloodless industry to compensate for the dramatic effects of the rural migration and a negative migratory balance
to leave the area an insulation as well intellectual as material
to maintain or find a cultural heritage to which the Breton ones are attached
to contribute to the development of the Régionalisation.

Creation

At the time of the legislative elections of 1951, the CELIB contacts all the candidates in order to create a parliamentary joint committee, charged to promote its projects; only the Communists decline the invitation. The statutes of the organization are deposited on October 30th (publication with the Official journal on November 23rd), it acts of a Association law of 1901 financed by the 5 general advices. The president is Rene Pleven, assisted of three vice-presidents: Paul Ihuel, appointed popular Republican movement of Morbihan, Andre Morice, appointed Radical party of Loire-Inférieure and François Tanguy-Prigent, appointed socialist of Finistere. The meetings of the parliamentary joint committee are monthly.

Initially named CLIB (Committee of Connections of the Breton Interests), the group decides to base its actions on solid studies by joining in particular the services of the geographer Michel Phlipponneau. Little by little, the organization gathers beyond political cleavages all the lifeblood of Brittany and knows its apogee in the middle of the Années 1960. For a defense of the Breton interests “transcending the singular interests”, it gathers the whole of the Breton members of Parliament at that time, the general advices, 1.200 communes of which mayors of the Breton big cities, the whole of the working trade unions (CGT, CFDT, FO, CFTC), employers' associations, the chambers of commerce and of industry, the guild chambers, the universities and defense associations of the culture and the Breton language.

History

In 1952, a report/ratio on the installation of Brittany is worked out by the CELIB, this last is approved like economic Regional committee of expansion in 1955. The following year, the ratio of 1952 is used by the government of Guy Mollet, like regional action plan.

July 13rd, 1956, the first regional Action plan (BY) is published in Brittany, thanks to the action of the CELIB. The priority files are the development of agriculture, the maritime activities, industrialization, the development of tourism, etc the Company of regional development of Brittany (SDR) and the Company of mixed economy for the installation and the equipment of Brittany (SEMAEB) are created in 1957.

In 1958 begins the consecutive decline with the “treason of notable”: rallying of certain members to the Ve République. 1959 sees creation in France of 21 area-programs of which Brittany with 4 departments (beginning again for Brittany, limits of the transitory economic area of Rennes created by the Régime of Vichy). The general meeting of the CELIB adopts to it “law-program for Brittany” written by the geographer Michel Phlipponneau in Lorient in 1962. However the French government does not engage on a plan of multiannual financing.

Ten later, in 1971, it is new CELIB with publication of a “ White paper ” (complete program) for Brittany, which defines the area as a “federation of country”. This White paper very mollement is only mollement taken into account by the regional assembly, even if the policy in favor of the countries reaches 5% of the budget in 1976.

In 1977, under the presidency of Valery Giscard d'Estaing, takes place the signature of the Breton cultural Charte between the State, the Regional council of Brittany and the Breton general advices of which that of Loire-Atlantique, which recognizes the Breton language and the culture and aims their perenniality.

Sources and bibliography

CELIB, Brittany, a new ambition , University Presses of Brittany, Saint-Brieuc, 1971,169 p (sometimes qualified work of “White paper”)
Jean-Pierre Cressard, When Brittany awoke, CELIB 1950-2000 , Coop Breizh, Spézet, 2000,157 p.
Collectif, All History of Brittany , collective work carried out by academics and teachers, Éditions Skol Vreizh, Morlaix, 1999,
Claude Champaud, Forever Brittany , foreword of Joseph Martray, regional Éditions of the west, 1998,
Francis Favereau, contemporary Brittany , Editions Skol Vreizh, Morlaix, 2005
Martray (J.). 20 years which transformed Brittany. The epopee of the CELIB July 22nd, 1950 - February 2nd, 1969 , Editions France-Empire, Paris, 1983,319 p.
Jacqueline Sainclivier, Brittany of 1939 to our days, Ouest-France Editions, Rennes, 1989,

Files and studies

the Departmental records of Ille-et-Vilaine preserve in the under-series 30 J the files of the CELIB, that is to say 18,50 meters linear.

Among these studies and reports/ratios, one finds for example:

Michel Boudard, prefaced by Michel Phlipponneau, problems of coal in Brittany , CELIB, 1961, (monograph, 130 p)
H. De Guébriant, the problem of the outlets of the Breton agricultural produce , CELIB, 1953,82 p.
Michel Phlipponneau, Inventory of the possibilities of factory constructions in Brittany , CELIB, 1956,164 p.
the problem of the railway tariffs in Brittany , CELIB, 1959,30 p

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