Strawberry plant (plant)

The strawberry plant is a long-lived Plante herbaceous of the family of the Rosacée S, usually cultivated for its Fruit S, the strawberry S. the strawberry plant with the characteristic to produce many Stolon S.

Scientific name: Fragaria vesca L. 1753 (of the Latin fraga : mill and vescus : small) family of the Rosacée S, taxonomic row of the Potentille S.

Common nouns: common strawberry plant, strawberry plant of wood, the four season old strawberry plant, caperon or capron. of: Wald-Erdbeere, in: strawberry, be: fresal común.

Description

The strawberry plant of wood is a long-lived herbaceous plant, forming a low tuft.

The sheets of the base, with long petiole, are trifoliolées, cogged. The more or less hairy limb is folded often a little according to the secondary veins.

The final tooth of the sheets is as large or longer as its two neighbors, contrary to the false strawberry plant.

The flowered stems can reach 30 to 40 cm. The white flowers open out April at July. The plant refleurit sometimes in autumn.

The fruit (false fruit) is formed by the whole of the fleshy receptacle of the flower. It has a red or yellow color blanchâtre according to the varieties, and an oblong ovoid form more or less round.

The plant emits many lengthened horizontal branches, named greedy carrying buds of place in place. These branches are Stolon S, which emit adventitious roots on the level of the sheets and enracinent formant of new feet.

Origin and distribution

It is a species originating in Europe and moderate Asia (of the Turkey to the China), as well as North America.

It is rather common everywhere in France, except in the Mediterranean region. The strawberry plant of wood is spontaneous in wood and on the slopes.

It is very cultivated and often naturalized in the moderate countries.

For a long time being the subject of gathering in wood, this plant was introduced only rather tardily into the Jardin S, about the 16th century.

Culture

Prefer a fresh, rather acid ground and a sunny exposure.

The multiplication is done by division of the tufts to the autumn.

Fears the late frosts.

Harvest is done approximately 8 months after the plantation. These fruits are preserved with difficulty and must be consumed quickly.

Varieties

Not going up (production of spring), by order of precocity:

Favette
Gariguette
Cigaline
Ciflorette
Manila
Darselect
Pajaro
Matis
Valeta
Gorella
Mrs. Moutot

Going up (production of spring to the frosts)

Mara of Wood
Cirano
Cirafine
Charlotte
Cijosée
Nova Gento
Ostara
Rabunda
four seasons improved
Queen of the valleys (wild strawberry)

Giant strawberries (going until 100G by part)

Strawberry plant Maxim

Enemies

Pourridié of the roots.
gray of the strawberries, manageable Rot by a mulching of Fern eagle.
Anguillule of the strawberry plant.
Anthonome of the strawberry plant.
Oïdium of the strawberry plant.
Of other insects can also attack the strawberry plants like the Puceron green or yellow, the Harpale of the strawberry plant, the Othiorhychus of the strawberry plant, the Bupreste of the strawberry plant.
Slug S.

Use

The fresh fruits, the strawberry S, are consumed natural with sugar, with wine or fresh cream, or out of fruit salad, or are cooked in Confiture or Pâtisserie S. They are also used in confectionery like with the preparation as ices and sorbets.

These fruits contain especially Lévulose and fructose, and very little saccharose.

It is a plant Mellifère, very visited by the Abeille S.

Medicinal properties

The Sheet S, rich in Tannin S, silica and rock salt, are very rich in Vitamine C.

Out of infusion, they are astringent, diuretic and antirhumatismales.

Economic aspects

References

anecdotes on the strawberries, the site of Tirlemont

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