Steve Reich

See also: Reich (homonymy)

Steve Reich , born the October 3rd 1936 with New York, is a Musicien and American Compositeur of international repute. He is regarded as one of the pioneers of the Minimalisme and the repetitive Musique. To characterize its work, he prefers to use the expression music of phase (translated from American) to differentiate it from the repetitive music.

Biography

He is born in an Jewish family from New York. He follows initially studies of philosophy, obtaining his diploma of the Cornell University in 1957, then off continues studies of music of 1957 to 1958 with the Juilliard School Music of New York, primarily in the classes of piano and percussions. He also studies the composition with Darius Milhaud and Luciano Berio with the Mills College in California where he obtains, in 1963, his Master off Art . In 1966, it founds its own unit Steve Reich and Musicians. It continues nevertheless its musical training, in particular African percussions, at the Institute of African studies of the University of the Ghana in 1970, then Gamelan indonésien in California of 1973 to 1974.

Parallel to these years of training, it composes an original work based on the technique of the repetition and the use of noises of the daily life. He does not forsake therefore the traditional instruments for which he composes of many instrumental or orchestral parts. Its work is recognized as of the years 1960-70, doing of him one of the figures of the American modern music and, particularly, the school of the music known as repetitive, at the sides of Terry Riley and Philip Glass. It composes some of its most known works in the years 1970-80, like Music for 18 Musicians (1976), Eight Lines (1979), The Desert Music (1984) or Different Trains (1988).

In 2006, at the time of its 70e birthday, of the festivities were organized in the world and in particular with New York with a cycle, called Steve Reich @70 , concerts and retrospectives in the greatest musical institutions of the city like the Carnegie Hall, the Lincoln Center and the Brooklyn Academy off Music. With this occasion, a compilation of its principal compositions was published under the title (American) of Phases .

Steve Reich became in 1994 member of the American Academy off Arts and Letters. In 2007, it divides the Polar Music Prize with Sony Rollins.

Musical technique

The first works of Steve Reich (in the middle of the Years 1960) are built on the principle of the gradual shift of the execution of the musical reasons, creating by phasage/dephasing, of new sonorities. It with the idea to make pass two uninterrupted buckles S of the same sound, played simultaneously at beginning, then accelerated gradually one compared to the other. This process, resulting from its work on Magnetic band, causes to generate new sound figures starting from same musical material. It is used for the first time in the part founder It' S Gonna Rain in 1965, then in Like Out and Melodica in 1966. It is also applied to the instruments ( Piano Phase , Violin Phase and Reed Phase in 1967).

Its music often proceeds by recovery of daily sonorities, such as for example the noise of the trains in Different Trains (1988) or the sirens from fireman in City Life (1995). The articulated speech also occupies an important place, often in a form repeated as for The Cave (1990) or Three Tales (2002). A form of discontinuous song thus constitutes an important part of its work.

Works

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