Sremska Mitrovica

The name of the city

Under the Roman Empire, the city was known under the name of Sirmium.

And it is with the beginning of the year 1180 that the town of Saint Demetrius (" СветиДимитрије" or " Sveti Dimitrije") became " Dmitrovica, " Mitrovica" and finally " Sremska Mitrovica". " Sremska Mitrovica" mean the " Mitrovica de Syrmie" , because there exists also a Mitrovica of Kosovo and a Mitrovica de Mačva.

In Ruthène pannonien the city is named СримскаМитровица , in Croatian Srijemska Mitrovica , Hungarian Szávaszentdemeter , German Syrmisch Mitrowitz .

History

The ancient period

It was a Roman colony in Pannonia lower founded under the Flaviens vis-a-vis the kingdom threatening of the Daces.

Its geographical location makes of it a key position of the Danubian Limes: vis-a-vis the territory of the Iazyges wedged between the Pannonia and the Dacie, it protects the great Roman way which passes by the valleys of the Save, from the the Danube and the Morava and which links the crossroads of Mursa and of Naïssus. It is thus an essential base of the army of Illyrie, and the great terrestrial way between the Occident and the Roman East. Its importance was reinforced by the presence of an imperial monetary workshop very active at the 3rd century and 4th century.

In 270, Death of the emperor Claude the Gothic in Sirmium, the army stationed with Sirmium proclaims its successor Aurélien
Into 276, Probus, originating in Sirmium becomes emperor. In 282, its soldiers assassinate it in Sirmium
At the 4th century, several emperors make of Sirmium their capital: Galère, starting from 293, Constant Ier in 337, Valentinien II.
in 364 in Sirmium the brothers Valentinien Ier and Valens share the empire.
In the middle of the 4th century, Sirmium implies side arien in the conflicts enter Nicéen S and ariens, with the behavior of Concile S into 351 and 357-359, joined together by the emperor Constance II.
In 376, the bishop Ambroise of Milan imposes a bishop nicéen on Sirmium

In 395, with the ultimate division of the Roman Empire, Sirmium belongs to the Western Empire, but about thirty years later, the installation of federate the Huns in Pannonia isolates it from the Occident.
In 437, the emperor Valentinien III must yield Sirmium become inaccessible to the Byzantine Empire. Sirmium becomes the defensive bolt of Balkans and Constantinople against the invasions coming from the Danube means.
In 441, Attila besieges and takes Sirmium then breaks on the Thrace. These raids of Huns repeat into 447, 451, 469.
After the death of Attila into 453, Huns are replaced by the Gépides, whose king Cunimund his court with Sirmium towards 550.
Into 567 installs, the Lombards and their allies Avars attack Sirmium without success, but destroy the Gépide kingdom the following year.
In 582, Avars seize Sirmium.

The Middle Ages and the modern Time

The Avars seized Sirmium in 582. During two centuries the fate of the city is unknown.

At the end of the 8th century, Sirmium belonged to the Francs, then, at the 9th century, it belonged to the kingdom of Bulgaria. At the 10th century it became a topic of the Byzantine Empire.

At the beginning of the 11th century, the city was the residence of Sermon, duke of Syrmie, vassal of the emperor bugare Samuel. But, after 1018, the city was again integrated into the Byzantine Empire.

Starting from the end of the 11th century, Sirmium was an object of argument between the Byzantines and the Royaume of Hungary. In 1180, the city became finally Hungarian.

Towards 1451, the city was one moment the possession of the Serb despot Đurađ Branković.

In 1521, the city passed for nearly two centuries under the control of the Ottoman Empire. During the Othoman presence, Sremska Mitrovica was more the big city of Syrmie; it was the administrative center of the sandjak of Srem (sandjak of Syrmie).

In 1718, the Habsbourgs seized the city; the Turkish population escaped. Sremska Mitrovica belonged to the Military Border of Habsbourgs (Krajina de Slavonie).

In 1848 - 1849, it belonged to an autonomous Serb area inside the Austro-Hungarian Empire. But as of 1849, it was reinstated in Fontière Militaire Austrian.

In 1881, with the abolition of the Military Border, Sremska Mitrovica was integrated in the province of Syrmie which belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia - Slovenia and of the Royaume of Hungary, inside the Empire Austro-Hungarian. With the census of 1910, the city counted 12.909 inhabitants and the area controlled by city 32.012.

The contemporary time

In 1918, the Empire Austro-Hungarian was dismantled. The November 24th 1918, the assembly of Syrmie gathered with Ruma decided to join the Royaume of Serbia, which had just carried out its unit with the Kingdom of the Montenegro. The unit took the name of Royaume of Serb, the Croats and the Sloveniens and, in 1929, that of Royaume of Yugoslavia).

During the Second world war, the city was occupied by the troops of the Axe and was attached to the State independent of Croatia. At that time the city was called Hrvatska Mitrovica, Mitrovica of Croatia.

In 1945, the city was attached to the autonomous province of Voïvodine, inside the socialist Yugoslavia. Of 1992 with 2003, it belonged to the Federal republic of Yugoslavia, which becomes then the Serbia-Montenegro. Since 2006, it belongs to the République of Serbia.

Localities of the municipality of Sremska Mitrovica

Bond external

Official site of the municipality of Sremska Mitrovica

Internal bonds

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