Squash

History

This sport takes its origin at the 19th century (towards 1850) with the private school of Harrow to London in England, derived from the sports of racket. The students of the school while waiting to use the courts started to strike one of the walls of the building with their rackets, and is as well as the squash was created. The first court of squash was created in 1883 with Oxford. Gradually, this sport developed in the schools and the universities, and becomes popular that starting from the beginning of the 20th century. The the United States were the first nation to form an association and to codify this play in 1907 (called the Hardball squash today), at the same time the English federation of tennis and rackets form a sub-committee of squash to manage this sport, the rules will be adopted in 1924 and the English Association of squash was created in 1928 which took again the management of this sport. Today, this sport is managed by the world Federation of squash, the squash male professional by PSA and the squash female professional by WISPA. In 1930 was created the most prestigious tournament, the British Open, which disputes every year (1930 for the men, 1950 for the women).

The squash continuous to develop in the aristocracy and the upper classes until in the Years 1950, but the play will take truly its take-off starting from the construction of public courts (thanks to operations of marketing) and becomes the most popular sport at the beginning of the Années 1980 in England, in same time the squash also developed very quickly in the old English colonies (Pakistan, Canada, Australia…), with as proof that this sport was dominated during twenty years by two Pakistani: Jahangir Khan and Jansher Khan, it will be necessary to await 2004 so that a not-national of the England or old English colonies reaches the first world rank at the men: Thierry Lincou.

Rules

Dimensions

Size of the Racket:

maximum Length: 686 mm
maximum Width: 215 mm
maximum Length of interior of the sieve: 390 mm
maximum Surface of the sieve: 500 cm ²
minimal Width of very part structural of the framework: 7 mm
maximum Thickness of very part structural of the framework: 26 mm

maximum Weight of the racket: 250g
Diameter of the Ball: 40 mm
Weight of the ball: 24 G
interior Length of short: 9750 mm
interior Width of short: 6400 mm
Height of the frontal wall: 4570 mm
Thickness of the lines: 50 mm

Counting of the points

World Rules

a match is played in 3 or 5 gaining plays.
counting is different for the boys and the girls:
For the girls, each play is played in 9 points, except if the score reaches 8 to 8. In this case, the receiver chooses to play the game into 9 or 10 points, by announcing this intention clearly.
the period between the moment when a player becomes waiter and moment when it becomes receiver is called hand .
For the boys, each play is played in 11 points direct, i.e. all the points count. It is not necessary to be the waiter to mark a point. If there is equality 10 to 10, one needs 2 points of variation 13 to 11 for example or 17 to 15.
the lines are regarded as fault.

the service with the squash, that it is in competition or leisure, is seldom a gaining point. The “aces” are very rare. Usually, the service simply makes it possible to put the adversary in a position of defender and to take the strategic position of the attacker on the " T" in order to build its point.

North-American Rules

the point is marked when the exchange is gained.

Each play is played in 15 points

New

Since the summer 2005, the rules in national competition changed into France. Always three plays gaining for the profit of the match, but from now on for the men, of the direct points (with American) are marked: one always garners points with the service, but if the adversary takes again the service, it takes again the service plus the point.
A play is from now on in eleven points, but one needs however two points of variations (ex: 12/10 or 11/9 even, for very tight matches, 34/32 etc). The intermediate duration of a match envisaged by the judges referees of tournaments passes from approximately 40 minutes with the old system to approximately 30 minutes.
With this system, the error is not forgiven any more: each exchange, it is the stake of a point. More possible thus small strategic folds to blow a little. It is XXIe century: the old rules reflected more the beautiful time end XIXe and XXe century. Nevertheless for the leisure, one can keep the old rules which offer another vision of the play.

Service

Each exchange starts with a service (the first waiter of the part is drawn with the fate).
At the beginning of each play and each change of service, the waiter must choose its square of service, and alternatively use the two squares of service for each service.
a correct service consists in sending the ball using the racket against the frontal wall above the control line, by having a foot inside the limits of the square of service. Part of the foot on the line of the square of service is a fault.
After having rebounded on the wall above the control line, the ball will have to rebound on the ground in the quarter of short opposite to the square of service. Between the rebound on the wall above the control line and the rebound ground in the quarter of short opposite to the square of service, the ball can rebound on one of the walls.

Exchange

the players return alternatively the ball against the frontal wall until one of them is unable. Its adversary is then regarded as winner of the exchange.
an incorrect service is equivalent to the profit of the exchange for the receiver.
an incorrect reference is equivalent to the profit of the exchange for the adversary.
If the ball moving towards the principal wall touches the adversary, the renvoyor also gains the exchange (English: stroke ). However, if the ball moving towards a side wall touches the adversary, the point is rejoué (English: let ) only if the renvoyor estimates that its ball could reach the principal wall.

Obstruct

The player of which it is the turn to return the ball should not be constrained by his adversary. If the renvoyor estimates himself constrained, this one requires the let . If this request is granted by the referee, the point is rejoué. In the absence of referee, traditional rules of courtesy apply and a request for let is seldom refused. At the time of a let, the applicant is not in position to mark a point: if it is the case, the referee will pronounce a " stroke" who will give the point or the service (or two the, depend one on the rules in force).

Pauses

A player can ask for a pause of 90 seconds only if the racket or the rope breaks. This request can be made only once the finished exchange, if not there is loss of the exchange.

Sanctions

Stroke : not given to the adversary and a warning
Two warnings: not penalty
Two points of penalty: play of penalty

Championships

The squash of competition saw mainly British champions , nonEuropean Anglo-Saxons or old British colonies.

Great names of the discipline 1st daN SOUSSAN 1ST FRANCE

List of players of squash

Internal bond

Professional association of squash ( PSA ).
Women' S international squash players association ( WISPA ).
individual Classification Squash

External bond

French federation of squash
World Squash Federation
SiteSquash, the site of reference, 24:00 /24

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