Spoke (television)

The Spoke SpA or SPOKE - Radiotelevisione Italiana is the public audio-visual independent group Italian. Joint stock company of private law, the Spoke SpA is controlled to 99,55% per Rai Holding, held to 100% by the Italian State (Italian ministry of the Treasury) and to 0,45% by the SIAE ( Società Italiana degli Autori ED Editori ), company in charge to guarantee the royalties.

History

SPOKE is the Acronyme, marked spoke, of Radio operator Audizioni Italia. Previously, the establishment bore the name of EIAR, Ente Italiano Audizioni Radiofoniche, and ensured only the diffusion of radio broadcasts. The January 3rd 1954, when after various experiments in the area of Turin, the SPOKE TV began its televisual transmissions on national scales. In 2004, she celebrated her fifty years.

Chains

In 2004, the Spoke diffuses, inter alia, three television channels Hertzien born general practitioners, Rai Uno, Rai Due and Rai Tre, and 13 chains satellite or numerical sets of themes (of which Rai News 24 and Satellite Rai Sport). , as well as the radios RadioUno, RadioDue and RadioTre.

Public service

The company is the exclusive dealer of the Public service radio-televised in Italy. For this reason, it is subjected to certain obligations:

  • diffusion on the national territory and towards the Italian communities abroad, with a good quality of signal,
  • quality and variety of the programming,
  • easy complete information and of access,
  • cultural and educational role,
  • services of public utility on request of the Community,
  • handicapped accesses to the people.
These obligations are the subject of a triennial contract (2003-2005) of public service signed with the ministry for the Communications.

Financing

The rent of subscription ( it cannonades , in French, royalty) represents the independent source of financing of the public service. It represents 99,60 € in 2005, the low tariff in Western Europe (2nd low being in France)

Market shares

The average market share of the Spoke is of 45,4% (television). In 2002, the average listening of the Rai chains is established with more than 9 million televiewers per day (in rise of 2% over 2001).

Subsidiary companies

The Rai group includes/understands in particular the following subsidiary companies:

  • Spoke Cinema (production and film distribution, created in 2000)
  • Spoke Corporation (subsidiary Spoke in the United States)
  • Spoke Way (management of average the techniques of diffusion per hertzian and satellite way)
  • Sipra
  • Spoke Trade (marketing of programs TV)
  • Spoke Sat (created in 1999, management of the satellite channels)
  • Spoke Net (created in 1999 diffusion on Internet)
  • Spoke Click

Some figures:

  • total Turnover (2002): 2,8 billion euros
  • Pre-tax profits: 11,1 million euros
  • Bottom line: 5 million euros
  • Effective of the personnel: 9900 paid

See too

Internal bond

  • List of the Italian large companies

External bond

  • SPOKE, official site

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