Split distillation

Goal

The goal of the split distillation is to separate the various components from a mixture of miscible liquids, having different boiling points (the larger this difference is, the more distillation is easy). For that, it takes again the traditional technique of distillation (column, thermometer, cooling agent,…).

Operational protocol

The liquid solution is heated slowly until boiling. This boiling corresponds to the vaporization of made up most volatile. As during a traditional distillation the vapors are condensed to obtain a product pure, collected in a first container. The liquid solution is then free of product A. One changes the container of recovery and one increases the temperature of the liquid solution in order to collect each component separately (B, C,…). According to the number of components in the initial liquid solution, one locates several stages of temperature corresponding to the most volatile evaporation of the product being in the initial solution. One thus has as many stages of temperature of components.

Finality

However this method does not function systematically because it is difficult to separate from the made up ones which has affinities, for example water and the ethanol whose mixture will be vaporized without separation of made up (because of the azeotropic points . ! It is also possible to work with reduced pressure (“vacuum”) what lowers the point of boiling of the compounds. One can also refine this method of separation by using a longer Colonne Vigreux .

See too

traditional Distillation

Random links: