Spiritualism

The spiritualism is doctrines which proclaim the superiority of the Esprit on the matter. It finds its origins in the Gnosticisme.

Definition

Spiritualism tends to affirm that there would be two realities: material reality and spiritual reality, naming the latter heart or Spirit .

Materialism and spiritualism

The materialism and spiritualism are two opposite philosophical doctrines. The materialism is a philosophy according to which all is only matter in the Universe and all perhaps explained by the matter (our emotions, our behavior, all phenomena of nature, etc). The materialism brings to deny the existence of God. Spiritualism affirms him on the contrary that we cannot all explain by the matter.

Contemporary DEBATEs: modern spiritualistic argumentation

The spiritualistic ones of today advance a certain number of arguments drawn from sciences relating to:
  • quantum mechanics
  • the principle anthropic
  • biological evolution
  • the neurophysiology

In quantum mechanics, the spiritualistic ones try to show that there exists another level of reality. Measurement determines the phenomenon. However what a measurement without measurer? Thus, the spiritualistic ones affirm that it is the conscience which created reality.

In astrophysics, the spiritualistic ones call upon the principle anthropic: the fundamental constant quinzes were regulated at the time of the big bang in a way which makes possible the intelligent life (it is here about a chance of more than 1 out of 10 power 100).

In biology, the spiritualistic ones are often anti-darwiniens. They affirm that the evolution is directed towards most possible psychism. They call upon the quantum theory to justify such a position. Indeed, the genetic mutation is a quantum phenomenon subjected to the laws of indetermination: certain changes can thus have more chances to occur than others without violating the laws of physics. This idea is supported by some experiments (see those of John Joe McFadden for example). Spiritualistic the most extreme affirms that it is God who directly handles genes by this skew.

In neurophysiology, the spiritualistic ones want réahabiliter dualism. They propose the theory to sir John Eccles (Nobel Prize) according to whom the brain would be the body intended to make communicate the body and the spirit. The communication would be possible thanks to the quantum indetermination on the level of the synapses (bond between two neurons): the spirit, by a remote action, would not have any more but to change the transition probabilities of the neuro-transmitters (molecules at the level them synapses making pass information of one neuron to the other) to influence the brain. This dualism is supported by some scientific experiments: for example, the experiment of Sperry consisting in cutting the communication completely enters the two hemispheres of the brain. It is noted that the person thus operated guard all his unit. In spite of time, it does not emerge two personalities different in each of the two hemispheres from the brain: why? The dualistic thesis seems to be a convincing answer if one does not push the investigation further. Many experiments are still to realize in order to prove, without the shade of a doubt, that the dualistic thesis is indeed the best answer to these phenomena.

Critical of the modern spiritualistic argumentation

Atheism and spiritualism

Idealism and spiritualism

Quietism and spiritualism

Opposed to any form of spiritualism, the Quiétisme…

Spiritism and spiritualism

  • Pseudo-science

Fiction and spiritualism

Spiritualistic currents

Spiritualism deist

Vitalism

Opponent: Leon Ollé-Laprune

Néo-spiritualism

Authors of references

Some works of contemporaries

  • Body, brain and spirit at Bergson: spiritualism minimalist of Matter with memory , by Alain Panero, ED. Harmattan, 2006

  • the practice in French spiritualism: Maine de Biran, Ravaisson, Bergson by Know-Young Park Hwang, 1998
  • atheistic spiritualism by Pierre Launches, 1996
  • Végétarisme and spiritualism. does healing virtues of vegetables and the fruits by Bertholet, 1974
  • Our existence have to you it a direction? by Jean Staune, 2007

References

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