Special industrial waste

The “special Industrial Waste” (or SAY) is in France a category of waste (chemical, biological, radioactive.), of origin industrial and likely to present a danger to the man and/or the Environment. In France, the law of July 15th, 1975 prohibited with very undertaken to give up, burn, hide or reject the Special Industrial Waste (DIS) which it produces. SAY must be treated via a die different from that of the treatment of the household waste and assimilated.
Les Toxic waste in Dispersed Quantities (or DTQD) and hospital or veterinary special waste, of the laboratories or the farmers (Packing S and remains of Pesticide S.) forms part of it…

Origins

They are waste related on heavy industrial activities, but also to the daily operation of the installations, including except industry (fluorescent piles, tubes, batteries, oils of draining, solvents, varnish, remainders of paintings…), waste of building sites. When they are not inert, they are covered often by a specific regulation (Amiante, produced Radioactif S, Explosif S, products flammable, etc).

Three main categories:

These categories are specified by the decree n°97-517 of May 15th 1997.
Des waste (ex: packing) usually recycled or eliminated by the die from waste banals, if they were soiled by special waste are then to treat like special waste, via the same dies.

Treatment

The authorized treatments are recalled by the Code of the environment and the Law of July 13rd, 1992 which entrust the responsibility for the waste disposal to their producer, and is based in theory on the principle of the “pollutant - payer” (moderate by devices of assistances and subsidies in particular carried by the Ademe and the district councils).
La law encourages the waste recycling which can the being, the law of July 13rd, 1992 specifying that only the ultimate Déchet should be hidden (in discharge of class I). The law envisaged the prohibition of the discharges other than of waste ultimate in July 2002, but the industrial world and the craftsmen did not achieve their goals of recycling and valorization; the discharges of class I still receive into 2007 of many waste which could have been recycled or developed.
Il does not exist yet of clear regulation concerning of the products at the new risks (nanoparticules, GMO)

Valorization

Under certain conditions (respect of the Regional plan of elimination of the industrial and special déchiets PREDICT), vis-a-vis the lack of Décharge of class I, and to save materials, the valorization of certain D.I.S. is allowed and - for certain types of waste - is encouraged.
On speaks then about:
  • “valorization matter” : it can be done in-house, in the company, after treatment (inertage if necessary) and in the respect of the law. A re-use as raw material is sometimes possible (ex: agricultural valorization for certain muds). The inertage in construction materials brick, paved autoblocants is also tested.
  • “energy Valorization” : It is generally about the incineration in authorized installations, under conditions specified by orders of the prefect.
    La Méthanisation is sometimes possible.

Elimination

Some SAY (Special Medical Waste, pulverulent waste or liquids) must be possibly inerted or stabilized and conditioned in a way adapted, before being directed towards the dies of valorization, neutralization and elimination in authorized processing centers, according to their nature.

Transport of D.I.S

It is subjected to the traceability and the regulation on transport of dangerous matters, under the responsibility of the producer himself or of an authorized company. (Form of Industrial Waste monitoring or BSDI). Transport by their transmitter of certain waste and subjected to declaration. A company which would like to treat itself its SAY, is subjected to decree ADR (regulation of the transport of the goods by road); it must ask a prefectoral authorization certain activities considered as dangerous (ex: storage of SAY ultimate and stabilized, incineration, tri etc)

See too

External bonds

  • Information and technical dossiers on waste
  • Search engine European of the Waste Processing
  • Swiss Dechets.ch Platform of information on waste

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