See also: Phalange

The Phalange ( Phalange Española ), was a nationalist Spanish political organization of founded obedience fascisante the October 29th 1933 by Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, wire of Miguel Primo de Rivera, former dictator of Spain of 1923 with 1930.

This party draws its name from the military formations of the ancient Greece and takes as a starting point the Italian Fascisme. This nationalist party played a big role in the civil war vis-a-vis the republicans.

Foundation

In 1934, is one year after its foundation by Primo de Rivera, the Phalange amalgamated with the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (JONS) of Ramiro Ledesma Ramos to become the Española Phalange of mow Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista ( FE of mow JONS ).

At the time of the second Spanish republic, the militants of the Phalange illustrate themselves in the street battles against the revolutionary militants of left and extreme left.

At the time of the elections of February 1936, the party, which refused to join the National front directed by the YIELDED, collects less than 1% of the votes which could prove to be vital for the defeat of extreme accuracy of YIELDED vis-a-vis the Popular front.

The July 6th 1936, José-Antonio Primo de Rivera is arrested and imprisoned whereas the phalange is under the blow of a prohibition.

More constrained than enthusiastic, Primo de Rivera joined at the last time the military conspiracy and the nationalist rebellion which tries a takeover by force the July 17th 1936, marking the beginning of the Spanish Civil war.

Civil war

After the summary execution of José-Antonio Primo de Rivera in reprisals with military rising, the phalange will merge with the nationalist military structures.

In 1937, taken again in hand by the Caudillo Free, it dissolved and is amalgamated with the Carliste S of Navarre in the Movimiento Nacional.

Pro-Franco period (1939-1975)

After the Civil war, it is integrated into the mode according to an obedience with the National-Catholicism, of good dye with a historiography revised by the winners, associating the cause of the nationalist camp with the Reconquista which was founder of the Spanish State.

The operation made it possible moreover to draw aside the political founders of the Phalange of origin, with the radical ideas, of the Appareil of State then in formation with leaving the nationalist victory: a stone, two blows.

This myth connecting the apostle holy combatant Jacques Major the (San Jacobo) with the aforementioned cruzada of the phalange will persist in the propaganda of the apparatus of the Junte until the death of the dictator. The use of the term Croisade made it possible to give a safe conduct to the population vis-a-vis the abomination of the fratricidal crimes perpetrated by each camp during the conflict.

Since 1975

Anthem

The anthem of the phalange is in a military style of march, Cara Al ground (Vis-a-vis the sun, in French) of Jose Solis Ruiz whose words were written by Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera.

External bonds

• Spanish Phalange of the J.O.N.S http://www.falange.es/

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