Space program of Russia

The space program of Russia during many years was mainly centered on the space stations in terrestrial orbit.

History

It is at the end of the Second world war and the recovery of the program of Missile S German V2 that the Soviet Union is interested in space.

During several years, the Soviet Union will be the country more the avant-gardist of the space Conquête, with the sending in space:

  • of the first artificial object: Sputnik 1, launched on October 4th, 1957)
  • of the first living being: the bitch Laïka, the
  • of the first lunar probe : Luna 1, on January 4th, 1959
  • of the first Man: Youri Gagarine, on board the Vostok 1 on April 12th, 1961
  • of the first woman: Valentina Terechkova, the
  • of the first crew of two members: Voskhod 1, on October 12th, 1964
They also establish the record of the time spent in orbit (which they always hold), carry out the first Sortie extravéhiculaire, the first ammarage of two vessels.

During a few years, the the United States and the Soviet Union will lead a race to the space, which will finish with the success of the Programme Apollo in 1969 which sees the Man going on the Moon.

From this date, Russia and the United States will be satisfied to send men in terrestrial orbit, for problems of costs and to continue space exploration through the sending of automated space probes.

In the Années 1970, Soviet will work on a program of Space shuttle, Bourane, that some regard as the certified copy of the American version. However it of it is nothing, Bourane is more advanced than his sister, but following problems of financing, the program is stopped towards the end of the Années 1980.

For a few years, Russia has developed a vehicle which must replace Soyuz, Kliper. This last is under development in co-operation with in particular the European Union.

Programs

See too

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