The Souabe (in German Schwaben ) is a historical area of Germany. The same word designates in French also the inhabitants, and the dialect of the area.
The Souabe is also the name of one of the 7 administrative areas ( Regierungsbezirke ) of the free State of Bavaria.
Etymologiquement the word Schwaben (and thus Souabe) results from the people of the Suèves, a group of Germanic tribes .
History
With the Early middle ages, the kingdom of Alémanie gathered many small kingdoms on the territory of the Alamans. Those are subjected by the Francs under Clovis Ier and Théodebert Ier. Starting from the beginning of the 6th century the Alémanie is a Duché under the control of the Francs, until it is dissolved in 746 because of the Massacre of Cannstatt.
In 829 the kingdom of Souabe is formed on the same territory, which is allotted to Louis II of Germanic and thus to the Eastern Francie in the Traité of Verdun in 843. After the reform of the counties in the Eastern Francie, the Duché of Souabe is then formed in 915, they extended then from the the Vosges in the west until the Lech in the east and with Chiavenna, today in Italy, in the south.
After long arguments with the Welfs, the family of the Hohenstaufen becomes finally most powerful in the duchy.
Under the emperor Frederic II the family grounds of Hohenstaufen, of which the duchy of Souabe formed part then, are attached directly to the imperial crown.
During the period of the Interrègne of 1250 with 1273 the territories souabes did not have a suzerain and were thus autonomous. When in 1273 Rodolphe Ier of Habsbourg becomes king, it keeps many of these privileges of autonomy of the cities and of the souabes abbeys and officializes them as free States of empire. (The last male descendant in hot line of Hohenstaufen, Conradin, having died in 1268.) The duchy of Souabe then ceases existing politically and disintegrates in several counties as well as the free cities and abbeys, whose majority existed until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803.
Today Souabe is defined by the linguistic zone of the souabe, located at horse on the east of the Bade-Wurtemberg and the west of the Bavaria.
Language
The souabe (in German, Schwäbisch ) is a Germanic dialect of the type German superior Alémanique spoken in the south about Germany in country souabe, i.e. mainly in the part of the Land of Bade-Wurtemberg which is beyond the Black Forest, like in the area souabe of the Bavaria.The language is already sufficiently far away from the Alsacien, so that the Alsatian ones could qualify Schwowe (deprecated term because it is pejorative), i.e. of Souabes, the whole of the Germans beyond the Black Forest. In the Country of Bade, indeed, the Alsatian ones felt still about on their premises, because they were still in Germanic country and they understood the language without too much difficulty; but once crossed the Black Forest they had the impression to be abroad because mutual comprehension disappeared.
See too
| Random links: | Security Association To identify | Pozzomaggiore | Edouard de Middleham | Fernando Lopes | Yu-Gi-Oh - Duel Monsters World Championship 2007 |