the Sorbonne is a building of the Latin Quarter of Paris. It draws its name from the Théologie N of the 13th century Robert de Sorbon, the founder of the Collège of Sorbonne, college dedicated to the theology of the time of old the Université of Paris. The Sorbonne term is also used in the current language to indicate old the Université of Paris (before 1793), faculties of Paris sitting there at the 19th century, and the news Université of Paris of 1896 with 1971. The frontage baroque is that of the vault dedicated to Sainte Ursule in 1642. Currently, the vault, private its original vocation following the impulse of the French revolution, is used for receptions or exposures.

Into 1970, the University of Paris was divided into thirteen Université S of which several share from now on the name of Sorbonne and have buildings in the historic site of the Rue of the Schools, in the V {{E}} district of Paris.

Name

Several Parisian universities currently comprises the name “Sorbonne” in their heading, or asserts a filiation with the Sorbonne:

  • Paris I (Pantheon-Sorbonne), which also shelters the Observatoire of the Sorbonne.

  • Paris III (New Sorbonne)
  • Paris IV (Paris-Sorbonne)
  • Paris V (Paris Descartes)

These four public universities have buildings in the historical buildings of the Sorbonne. Those also accommodate the vice-chancellorship of the academy of Paris, the École of the charters, the practical École of the high studies and the Bibliothèque of the Sorbonne.

These public universities are not to confuse with:

  • the college of Sorbon (the Ardennes).
  • the University Robert-of-Sorbon, whose head office is located at Trimouille (Vienna) and who does not seem to have pedagogical classrooms nor to exempt course. This “establishment of recorded French private college education” is based on the principle of the Validation of the assets of the experiment (VAE) and on the evaluation of the foreign diplomas to deliver diplomas.

History

The Sorbonne draws its origin in the college founded in 1253 within the Université from Paris by Robert de Sorbon, of the name of a village of the the Ardennes, chaplain and confessor of the king holy Louis. The foundation was confirmed by the king in 1257. One taught there mainly the Théologie with the poor students and it developed quickly. Paris became a great arts center and scientist in Europe as of the 13th century with more than 20.000 students.

See article: College of Sorbonne

In 1469, it is in the Sorbonne that the first printing works of France is installed, on the initiative of the king Louis XI, by the prior of the Sorbonne, Jean Heynlin, and its librarian, Guillaume Fichet.

The Cardinal of Richelieu, which had been raises of the Sorbonne in 1606 - 1607, becomes the headmaster in about it 1622 after the death of the cardinal of Harley. It makes renovate the buildings, that it equips with a splendid vault containing its tomb.

Under the French revolution, the buildings are closed with the students in 1791 and the sorbonnic company is dissolved with the universities of Paris and province consequently of the Loi the Hatter removing the corporations. Into 1794, the vault is transformed into temple of the Raison goddess. Napoleon Bonaparte transforms the site into workshops of artists.

Starting from 1806, Napoleon reorganizes the whole of the educational system French, baptized imperial Université, and creates in Paris five faculties: the Faculty of Science, the Faculty of letters, the Faculty of theology, the Faculty of Law and the Medical college. The Sorbonne becomes the seats of the first three faculties, as well as vice-chancellorship of the Académie of Paris. With the Restoration, the duke of Richelieu, Prime Minister of Louis XVIII, wants to honor the memory with the cardinal while returning all his gloss in the Sorbonne. It makes build an amphitheater of 1.200 places. Prestigious professors, like François Guizot or Victor Cousin, exempt their teaching there.

The rebuilding of the buildings of the 17th century, too exiguous and inconvenient, is considered on several occasions during the 19th century. It is finally carried out by the Third Republic, under the impulse of Jules Ferry. The building site is entrusted to the architect Henri Paul Nénot. The demolition of the buildings is carried out between 1884 and 1894 while the first stone of the new building is posed in 1885. The first part of the building is inaugurated in 1889, for the centenary of the French revolution, by the president Marie François Sadi Carnot. The whole of work are completed in 1901. In parallel, the teaching of catholic theology is removed by a law of 1885.
The June 23rd 1894, the baron Pierre de Coubertin founds in Sorbonne the International Olympic committee (CIO), which gives rise to the Olympic Games modern.

The Université of Paris is recreated in 1895 per regrouping of five faculties and the Sorbonne becomes the seat about it.

Occupied Sorbonne: a symbolic system place

In May 1968, the Sorbonne is the bastion of the demonstrations coeds, having begun with the Mouvement from 22-March to the faculty of Nanterre, which ended in a full protest movement in all France. The first riot of May 1968 starts following the intervention of the police force in the court of the Sorbonne. The May 3rd, of the hundreds of students indeed gathered in the court in preparation for an attack of Occident. There are all the tendencies of the Extreme left: trotskystes, Maoists, or anarchistic. The services of order of extreme left are armed with handles of pickaxe and ready with the confrontation. While calling upon the police force, the vice-chancellor-president of the university thus will start the first riot of May. Starting from the May 13rd, the general strike starts and the Sorbonne is occupied.

The National Assembly elected in June 1968 after the dissolution decided by the general de Gaulle attacks at once the university reform. Into 1971, the Parisian University is divided into thirteen new universities including seven in Paris (Sorbonne, Assas, Censier, Jussieu, Vincennes, Dauphine) and six in Paris region. Five remain attached to the site of the Sorbonne and three share the name of Sorbonne: Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne, Paris IV Sorbonne and Paris III Sorbonne-News.

Since the Attacks of September 11th, 2001, the Sorbonne, in theory, is closed with the public: only the students and the personnel of the establishments having buildings in the Sorbonne, as well as the readers of the inter-University Library of the Sorbonne, can enter there.

In 2006, several hundreds of demonstrators, fighting against the law called “on equal opportunity”, occupied the Sorbonne during three nights (from March 8th to March 11th in the morning: “the taken of the Sorbonne”) before being evacuated by the police force.

The district was buckled during several weeks; this looping is however unperceived past - to see one of the rare documents on the subject, short-measuring prohibited Sorbonne . The building was closed with the students and the teachers at the request of it vice-chancellorship eager to avoid all new occupation. It reopened on April 24th, 2006. During this period, the buildings of the Pantheon, located at the 12 of the place of the Pantheon, continued to receive student and teaching.

The students immediately voted the reoccupying of the university before being again expelled the evening even. The courses could take again only gradually with the deployment of an important police plan all around the university. Beyond the fight against CPE, part of the students sought to imitate stupidly, seems it, the spirit of May 1968. The damage caused by the demonstrators amounted with 800.000 euros, which has constrained the university to develop the specific hiring of its buildings - already existente considering the history of the place, for turnings of films or telefilms, in order to pay work.

Structure

At the beginning of the 17th century, the college of the Sorbonne was presented in the form of a whole of disparate buildings built along the street of the Sorbonne, between the Saint-Benoît cloister with the north and the college of Calvi in the south. It comprised a vault built at the 14th century whose frontage gave on the street of the Sorbonne.

In 1626, the cardinal of Richelieu undertakes to make rebuild this unit. After 1630, the preliminary draft is re-examined in a direction even more ambitious. The original vault, which had at the beginning being simply modernized, is destroyed and replaced by a building of vast proportions, designed by the architect Jacques Lemercier, and called to become the mausoleum of the cardinal. Work begins in May 1635 and the carcass work heavy castings almost are finished with died of the cardinal in 1642. Work is completed by the duchess of Pivot, heiress of Richelieu.

The vault of the Sorbonne belongs to the chiefs of works of the Parisian classical architecture. It has contained an organ of Dallery, not maintained for more than 150 years, and currently unplayable, although preserved in great part.

The buildings of the university, which one can admire nowadays, date from the end of the 19th century.

Famous people having attended or attending the Sorbonne

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