The Somaliland is an old territory Britannique located at the North-West of the Somalia in the Corne of Africa. In May 1991, the clans of north proclaimed the independence of the République of Somaliland which includes/understands the administrative areas of Awdal, Togdheer, Sanaag, Saaxil, Sool and Woqooyi Galbeed.
These areas are located between the Ethiopia, Djibouti and the Golfe of Aden, a surface of approximately 137 600 km ². The population is estimated at 3,5 million, whose clan of Issak forms the majority and Gadaboursi and Darod are minority clans. The capital of Somaliland is Hargeisa with a population of approximately 400.000 inhabitants.
Although recognized by any government, this country politically remains stable, thanks to the preponderance of the clannish rules and the economic infrastructure left by the British, the Russians and the American programs of military aid.
History of Somaliland
Prehistory
In 2002, French archeologists discovered cave paintings with Laas Geel close to Hargeisa. The presence of these prehistoric sites pushed the authorities to preserve this inheritance thus to make known it in the world.
Modern history
In the past British Protectorate of Somalia, it is linked in 1960,9 days after having obtained its independence, with the Italian Somalia to form the Somalia, whereas more than one about thirty States recognized it officially. The Prime Minister of British Somalia, Equal Mohamed Ibrahim, becomes minister in the new Republic of Somalia. He becomes Prime Minister in 1967, but a coup d'etat reverses it in 1969. In 1991 occurs a rising of the people of the old territory of British Somalia (Somaliland) because of the massacres, of plunderings in all kinds and of all types, bombardment of the people of Hargeisa by the force of the air force of the mode of Mohammed Siad Barre which made more than fifty thousand dead (especially of the women and the old men of the population of Hargeisa). The massacres which they underwent on behalf of the mode and of the people of Italian Somalia involved the formation of a national movement somali primarily made up of the diaspora somalilandaise. That caused the disappearance of the government in Somalia. Egal is elected president in 1993, he is re-elected in 1998 and remains with the capacity until his death on May 3rd, 2002. The vice-president Dahir Riyale Kahin is declared new president shortly after. Today Somaliland is a State not recognized by the international community.
Areas
The 6 areas of Somalia composing Somaliland are:
Main cities
The main cities or historic sites of Somaliland are:
Economy
The export of cattle is very important for the economy of Somaliland. The port of Berbera is also used for exports of Ethiopia, when Ethiopia does not lay out any more of the port érythrée in Assab.Somaliland lays out of mining and oil richnesses, all exploited by Invicta Capital. This company is directed by Mohammed Yussef and is managed by Lord John Stevens, the special adviser for the information of British the Prime Minister, Gordon Brown.
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