Soloist

In the Music, a soloist is a Musicien which carries out higher or more extremely than the other musicians guides, a vocal part or instrumental.

  • In a more precise way, a soloist is a interprets which ensures only the realization of a musical left in a musical Ensemble. The soloist thus opposes to the musician who, within a Pupitre, carries out collectively a musical part (a Choriste in a Chorale, a Violoniste in a Symphony orchestra, etc).

For example, in Classical music, in a Concerto for Piano, the soloist is the Pianiste, whereas the various musicians of the Orchestre carrying out their respective musical parts are musicians of desk .

the musical parts entrusted to a soloist are usually more virtuosos that those of the other musicians: swiftness, power, extended of the Register, etc

Classical music

In the Classical music, since the period baroque, the soloist clearly was different from the musician of desk, by a completely particular specialization and a technicality, encouraged or required by the type-setters themselves.

  • With regard to the vocal Music, the soloist appears at the end of the 16th century: it is the beginning of the monodic period (or “accompanied melody”), which will see being born from the kinds such as the récitatif , the opera, the Oratorio, etc, in which the soloist more and more clearly will be distinguished from the choruses. With regard to the Instrumental music, the soloist appears at the beginning of the 18th century, at the time of the birth of the concerting Musique (mainly illustrated by the Concerto) as well as Chamber music (sonata, Trio, string quartet, etc).

  • an example to make the difference between the soloist and the musician playing in a desk. In a Chamber orchestra, each of the five left (namely: first Violin, second violin, viola, Violoncello and Contrebasse) is ensured by a “Pupitre”. One thus has in this first case: several first violins, several second violins, several violas, several violoncellos and several double basses. In the Quintet with cords, on the contrary, each of the five parts (they are exactly the same ones: first violin, second violin, viola, violoncello and double bass) is ensured by a “soloist”, one thus has in this second case: only one first only one violin, second violin, only one viola, only one violoncello and only one double bass.

  • In the music orchestral Choral society or , it can arrive that the Compositeur, in the search of a contrasting effect in a part intended for a particular desk, entrusts one or more sentences, no longer at the whole of this desk, but at only one executant. It is naturally the most qualified musician of the desk which will be charged to carry out this “Solo”.

One will have care to distinguish the soloist, who indicate a Musicien, and the “Solo” which consists of a musical section (one or more sentences) intended to be interpreted by a soloist. The two words are sometimes confused in the world of the Jazz and the popular musics related. One speaks for example about “guitar solo”, to mean “guitar soloist” or “guitarist soloist”.

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