Soccer ball

The balloon of Football , standardized by the International federation of football association (FIFA), with the form of an Icosahedral truncated.

Characteristics

Its characteristics are defined by the Loi 2 of football of International Board. They were arrétées in 1937. The balloon must be spherical, out of leather or in another adequate matter, to have a circumference of 70 cm to more and at least 68 cm (that is to say a diameter of 22 cm), a weight of 450 G to more and at least 410 G at the beginning of the match and a pressure ranging between 0,6 and 1,1 atmosphere (600 - 1100 g/cm ²).

Balloons moreover small sizes are used for the competitions of young people:

size n°4 for the 13 years, 11 years and 9 years;
size n°3 for the beginners, 6 and 7 years.

Form

The ideal and theoretical form is spherical. But the tests of moulding as for the balloon of Basket-ball did not make a rather flexible object of it. The technicians thus chose the assembly of leather parts. Geometrically, it can be described as a Icosaèdre truncated is a semi-regular polyhedron having 60 tops and 32 faces, 20 hexagonal and 12 pentagonal, whose edges have all the same length. The outer jacket then consists of 32 leather parts, bent between them, containing a inflatable rubber bladder.

This form not completely round can have an effect during the shootings.

For the world cup 2006 in Germany, Adidas, equipment supplier of the FIFA, provided a new balloon for the competition, Teamgeist (" spirit of équipe"), does not have that 14 cuttings and thus a more smooth and more spherical surface, allowing to the player a better precision of striking.

Color

Color leather in the beginning, it had the right to be white in 1951 to be more visible on the TV screen. In 1970, with the visual requirements of the retransmission color of the World cup in Mexico, the object, makes bent leather bands hitherto, takes its current form and its two-tone appearance. Since the World cup of 1978 in Argentina, the structure is less visible because the colors, always black and white, inevitably any more do not marry the layout of the faces.

Sometimes one uses balloons of yellow or orange color at the time of snow-covered grounds.

Official soccer balls

Since 1996, with the official mentions FIFA Approved (approved by the FIFA), FIFA inspected (controlled by the FIFA) or International Standard Matchball (international standard for balloon of match), signs which they were tested, and answers quality standards very precise, is authorized for the competitions of the FIFA and the six Confederations.

The mention FIFA Approved is thus present on all the balloons used at the time of the Football world cups, but also at the time of the Championship of Europe (or Euro), and of the Copa America.

World cup

Since 1970, the sporting equipment supplier Adidas, exclusive supplier for the world cup, provided a specific balloon for each competition:

Championship of Europe

According to its originator and manufacturer, the sporting equipment supplier Adidas, Europass texture must ensure a better transmission of the deterrent force of the players and, thanks to a number of increased revolutions, make it possible to give more effect to the balloon. It must moreover offer the best taken to the goalkeepers. It seems to be derived from the Teamgeist, it takes again of it the design (the technique of assembly and thermal joining is identical

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