Smederevo

Smederevo , in Serb Cyrillic Sr Смедерево, in Rumanian ro Semendria, Hungarian hu Szendrő or hu Vég-Szendrő, in Turkish tr German Semendire and of Semendria or Sr Smederewo, is a city and a municipality of Serbia located in the district of Podunavlje. In 2002, the city counted: 77808 inhabitants and the municipality of which it is the center: 109809.

The city is located at the North-East of the Serbia, at the edge of the the Danube, to 46 km of Belgrade.
Smederevo is an industrial town which is the center of the iron and steel industry of Serbia. The area of Smederevo is also famous for its wine and fruit-bearing productions.

History

Antiquity at the end of the 18th century

At the time Roman, Smederevo bore the name of Semendria.

In 1430, the Serb Despote Đurađ Branković built there a fortress and the city became the capital of Serbia until in 1439, date on which the Othoman conquered it after two months of seat. In 1444, according to the terms of the treaty of Szeged between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, the city was restored in Branković which was the ally of Jean Hunyadi.

In 1454, the sultan Mehmed II put the seat in front of the city.

In 1456, the Christmas Day, Đurađ Branković died in Smederevo. The city fell to the hands from the Othomans in 1459.

In 1476, an army made up of Hungarian and Serbes tried to take again the city. Mehmed II intervened in person for preventing some.

In 1494 Pál Kinizsi still tried to take again the city, then, in 1512, the king Jean Zápolya tested in his turn. These two attempts were a failure.

Starting from 1526, Smederevo played a big role because of its strategic position at the border between the Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. The citadel was several times increased and reinforced by the Turks and the city became the capital of the sandjak of Smederevo.

The 19th century

It was necessary to await 1805 and the First revolt Serb against the Turks so that the city is released. It was then selected during some time like capital of the Serbia and it accommodated the Praviteljstvujušči sovjet , a government directed by Dositej Obradović. As of 1806, professor Jovan Rančić opened the first elementary school of Serbia there.

Second half of the 19th century was for the city one boom. In 1854, the Saint-Georges church was built and, in 1866, Smederevo lives to open its first hospital.

The April 12th 1867 the Turks left Smederevo definitively, by offering the keys of the city to Ljubomir Uzun-Mirković.

In 1871, opened the first College of the city; then, in 1875, was founded the independent press agency Narodna volja . In 1886, the railway line Smederevo- Velika Plana was inaugurated and 1899 saw the opening of the first Post office.

The 20th century

In 1913, was created the SARTID (in Serbe: Sr Srpsko akcionarsko rudarsko topioničarsko industrijsko društvo), the Serb Company by actions of the mines, the foundries and industry .

In 1914, Smederevo was bombarded then occupied by the Autrichiens; the city was released the October 17th 1918.

During the Second world war, Smederevo was occupied by the forces of the Axe, which installed an arsenal in the fortress. The June 5th 1941, with 14:14, the stored ammunition exploded, damaging the citadel and killing close to: 3000 people in the city.

Personalities related to Smederevo

Localities of the municipality of Smederevo

Demography

Population of the municipality of Smederevo 1948 - 2006

Population of the town of Smederevo 1948 - 2006

*Chiffre integrating the refugees of Kosovo

Ethnic composition of the town of Smederevo

  • Serb =: 104222
  • Rumanian =: 1801
  • Montenegrins = 533
  • Yugoslav Macedonians = 354
  • = 296
  • Croatian = 198
  • Hungarian = 144
  • Others.

Twin cities

Sport

Smederevo has an important football club, FC Smederevo.

Notes and references of the article

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