Biography
Francesco della Rovere , born the Ligure July 21st 1414 with That, close to Soaps, dead the August 12th 1484 with Rome, crowned Pape the August 25th 1471 under the name of Sixte IV .Wire of an easy cloth merchant, it is Oblat at 9 years with the convent San Francesco de Savone, where it pronounces his wishes. The weather is thereafter studies of Théologie to Chieri, Bologna and Pavia. After having obtained its license, it is named professor of Théologie, Logique and Philosophie with the Université of Padoue. He becomes then preacher and climbs successively the hierarchy franciscaine until becoming general minister in 1464. In 1467, it is high with the dignity of cardinal by Paul II.
In 1471, it is elected pope after four days of Conclave. Its first efforts are devoted to the war against the Turks. Like its predecessors, he knows the failure. In the same way, he does not manage to join together the Churches orthodoxe and catholic by the marriage of Zoe Paléologue and Ivan III of Russia.
He is buried in the vault of the Design of the Basilique Saint-Pierre.
Sixth IV names cardinal many young people people, famous for their beauty, among which its nephew and lover Raphaël Riario - cardinal at 17 years. If the taste of the pope for the boys is notorious, however the information of the theologist Balaeus (16th century) according to whom Sixte IV would have given the cardinals " the authorization to practice sodomy for the large periods chaleurs" appears not very probable. In addition the Roman prostitutes poured 20.000 ducats annually to him.
Patronage and princely patronage
Under its pontificate, it embellishes Rome:
-
foundation of the Museums capitolins;
- gift with the Roman people of the statues held with the Palate of the Lateran, of which the famous Roman she-wolf;
- opening, alignment and paving of many ways (via Recta, Sistina, Papal and Florea);
- restoration of the Aqueduct of Aqua Verfina;
- construction and restoration of many religious buildings (Midsummer's Day Basilica of Lateran churches Santa Maria della Pace, Santa Maria del Popolo and Sant' Agostino).
Its contemporaries baptize his work restauratio Urbis : restoration of the City. It makes arrange the Chapelle Sixtine which bears its name. It also shows a humanistic patron, partly for fine policies. It reconstitutes the Roman Académie, recruiting of the singers for the pontifical vault, increases the funds of the Bibliothèque vaticane.
Points of dogma and theology
Immaculate Conception
By the bubble Serious Nimis , it prohibits, under penalty of excommunication, to tax with serious error against the faith the belief in the Immaculate Conception. But the dogma is not recognized yet by the Church.
Great Forgiveness of Chaumont
February 8th, 1475 it institutes by a pontifical bubble the Grand Forgiveness of Chaumont at the request of Jean de Montmirel who agreement with perpetuity a plenary indulgence with all those which, each time the Saint Jean-Baptiste (June 24th) falls one Sunday, will visit Collegial the Jean-Baptiste Saint, will confess themselves to it and communieront there.
Church
Enquiry
In 1478, it granted to the Spanish sovereigns, Ferdinand d' Aragon and Isabelle de Castille, the authorization to reintroduce the Inquisition. There was in the space of 15 years, 97,000 judgments and 16,200 people burned alives.
It named Torquemada Grand inquisitor.
Swiss Guard
It founded the Swiss Garde the Vatican, its uniform of ceremony was drawn by Michel-Angel
Nominations
Sacrificing to the Nepotism, it leaves the foreign politics to his nephews, the cardinals Giuliano della Rovere, Pietro and Girolamo Riario. Leonardo and Giovanni Riario, brothers of the precedents, as for them is named prefects of Rome.
| Random links: | Cyclanthaceae | (249) Ilse | Mahavishnu Orchestrated | Jean To raise | Samdrup Jongkhar |