Sirenia

The acoustic is a branch of the Physique whose object is the study of the sounds and of the mechanical waves. It calls upon the undulatory phenomena and the vibratory Mécanique.

As such, the fields of investigation which she proposes gather several fields:

  • propagation of the sound waves,
  • the Acoustic of the rooms, the physiology of hearing,
  • environmental acoustics,
  • the Treatment of the signal audio,
  • sciences of the spoken communication (cf work in Linguistique which is devoted to the nonsemantic aspect of the sounds produced by the human gosier, the Acoustic phonetics), etc

A fortiori, acoustics includes/understands several ramifications:

  • the study of the interpretation of the sounds by the human brain founds the Psychoacoustique,
  • the production and the perception of musical sounds founds the musical Acoustics .

The musical Acoustics makes it possible to include/understand the phenomena of diffusion of the music (places of diffusions), the characteristics of the instrumental invoices, and finally, recently, the Cognition and the reception of the music. The computer (cf Music and data-processing) and particularly the sound Synthesis, provided particularly powerful tools to make evolve/move the means of studies.

Anatomy - Physiology

The Oreille is a very particular body, and the Ouïe is regarded as finest of the direction. Acoustics thus explores the physiology, which goes from the house of the ear until the synaptic correlations in the Cerveau, and the Psychoacoustique interpretations of these perceptions at the cortical and cerebral level. One can define acoustics by the propagation of a sound in the air of a sound consisted a fast movement of air which comes to the ear humaine
See hearing

Propagation - Acoustics of the rooms

By applying the theory of the propagation of the Wave S to the sound vibrations, one touches with a field already extremely well controlled since the Antiquité, that of acoustics of the rooms. To amplify a sound, the Greeks made use of the physical properties of the materials, knowledge which they had acquired on the phenomena of resorption and refraction of the sounds, and built amphitheaters in their giving a particular form. Thus, constructions where were to occur speakers or musicians had very studied acoustics. The Théâtre of Épidaure in Greece is the witness of the advance of knowledge in acoustics as of the Antiquité.

Knowledge in acoustics of the rooms at the time of ancient Greece was however before very empirical. This field of knowledge will remain very a long time almost entirely based on the experiment, developing in consequence of tests leading sometimes to failures, sometimes with great successes then being able to be used as model for the following rooms. The American physicist Wallace Clement Sabine is generally regarded as the father of acoustics of the rooms as a scientific discipline. It is in 1900 qu ' it publishes the article “Reverberation” which poses the bases of this very young science.

See also: Acoustics architectural

Noise pollutions

The phenomena of vibroacoustic coupling are very present in the aircraft industries, automobile, railway and in the mechanical engineering industries in general. The problems involved in the improvement of interior comfort and the reduction of the external Nuisance S arise in a crucial way there. Similar problems also arise in the construction trade where the partitions and the frontages of building must be suitably dimensioned in order to reduce the transmission of the noise. The engineer acoustics expert must be able to apprehend and model the concerned physical phenomena. He must acquire knowledge necessary to implement at the same time analytical methods and numerical tools to seek solutions of improvement of the products in term of reduction of noise pollutions.

Instrumental invoice

The first forms of acoustic amplification correspond to the first musical instruments. Indeed, the cases of resonance of the various instruments are studied to amplify the sound which comes is cords: Toothing-stone, Violin, Guitar, Piano… or of the ends for the instruments with nozzle: Flute, Pipeau, trumpet… That remains true for the percussion instruments, and even for the human voice: indeed the Human body acts as case of resonance for the voice.

Applications

External bonds

  • French company of Acoustic acoustics
  • Center: research in acoustics and aeroacoustic in Lyon
  • the handbook of the acousmates simple Manual junior on the studio and its techniques, initially intended for the students in class of electroacoustic composition.
  • Audiomaniac - universe of the sounds and the sound effects

Simple: Acoustics

Random links:Confederation of the French medical trade unions | 1945 en literatura | Maka Kotto | Crown British | The three most famous sights of Japan | GQ (magazine)