The Sinn Féin is a Political party of Ireland, one of the only great parties to being at the same time active in Northern Ireland and Irish Republic. In Irish, sinn féin means “us same”.
History
It is created the November 28th 1905 by Arthur Griffith. It then adopts a program whose broad outlines can be summarized as follows:- abstention at the British Parliament from Westminster where the Irish deputies sat with the British deputies;
- passive resistance against the English occupation;
- development of an nation's economy, the “coil-reliance”, by being unaware of the England.
It is not, at the base, a movement Révolution naire but the Insurrection of Easter 1916, started by the IRB (Irish Republican Brotherhood), will be wrongfully allotted to him. That benefits the movement which gains many voices in memory of the sacrifice of the insurrectionists.
As of 1916, Sinn Féin gains seats at the British Parliament more and more and under the presidency of Eamon de Valera, it forms the Dáil Éireann (the Irish assembly) in 1919. This assembly consists of all the members of the Féin Center, who named them-even TDs (Teachta Dáilí, Irish for member of the Parliament).
The first meeting of Dáil is held whereas the Guerre of Irish independence started. The WILL GO, which had same control that Sinn Féin fought the war. In 1921, a truce is signed by Sinn Féin and the British. The negotiations start then and the December 6th a treaty is signed. The treaty is very discussed and the party divides between the pro-treaty and the anti-treaty.
During three years, the civil war reigns between the pro-treaty and the anti-treaty; it will cost more than one million books. A catastrophe for a news and very poor nation! Finally, the pro-treaty gain the war. After the indépendence of the Free State of Ireland, Sinn Féin, under the presidency of Eamon de Valera remains outside the Dáil. Later, of Valera will recognize that the abstention was useless. After having lost a vote, it will leave the party and will form the Fianna Fáil.
After that, Sinn Féin lost of its support and almost disappeared from the Irish political scene. WILL GO also stopped fighting until during the years 1950 when it began its Countryside of the Border, but it was a catastrophe and under an enormous pressure of the government of the Ireland and that of the Northern Ireland, it stopped and once again, it disappeared.
In 1969 the tension in Northern Ireland was accentuated. WILL GO, which had been seen like the guard of the community of the Catholiques of the Northern Ireland, had not been able to defend its community. The presidency wanted to become a Communist party, therefore a group separated and created the provisional Sinn Féin. WILL GO separated from the same manner.
The WILL GO provisional fought during the “disorders” in Northern Ireland. Sinn Féin did not gain more seats during the elections. During the years 1990, Sinn Féin adopted a more peaceful policy, and gained more seats. They signed the Accord of the Good Friday.
Now, the party is still popular with the elections. With the last election, it gained five seats and their rival, SDLP gained three of them.
On Sunday, January 28, 2007, for the first time of its history, Sinn Féin agreed to recognize the legitimacy of the north-Irish police force. The PSNI, heiress of Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), in the past was always judged by the catholics like partial in favor of the Protestants. This recognition was a key condition for the resumption of the process of division of the capacity between catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland.
Great Britain and the Irish Republic fixed at March 26th, 2007 the deadline so that the parties of Northern Ireland agree on a division of the capacity between the majority Protestants, who want to preserve the historical links with the United Kingdom, and the catholic minority, which preaches fastening in Dublin.
Leaders
-
Arthur Griffith (1905 - 1917)
- Eamon de Valera (1917 - 1926), principal leader of the Fianna Fáil (1926 - 1959)
- J.J.O' Kelly (1926 - 1931)
- Brian O' Higgins (1931 - 1933)
- Michael O' Flanagan (1933 - 1935)
- Cathal Ó Marchadha (1935 - 1937)
- Margaret Buckley (1937 - 1950)
- Pádraig Mac Lógáin (1950 - 1962)
- Tomás Mac Giolla (1962 - 1970), dirigant principal Workers' Party 1970 - 1988
- Ruairí Ó Brádaigh (1970 - 1983), dirigant principal Republican Sinn Féin (since 1983)
- Gerry Adams (current president, since 1983)
Recent elections
After having obtained four MP ( Members off Parliament ) with Westminster in 2001, Sinn Féin became the denominational principal party of the Catholique S of Northern Ireland, preceding little by little, in this role of majority party, the Social Democratic and Labor Party (SDLP), with a speech definitely more radical.
In the Irish Republic, where its influence is limited much, it obtained five TD ( Teachta Dála or Député S) with the Dáil Éireann. It holds also a certain number of local mandates, in particular in the North-West of the country where it controls the town of Sligo.
The May 5th 2005, it obtains five deputies at the British Parliament, reinforcing its positions (+ 1 deputy) with 174.530 votes (24,3% in Northern Ireland, + 2,6%).
European policy
Sinn Féin is the principal party to have made countryside against the Traité of Nice before the first referendum on this treaty in Irish Republic.
It gained in June 2004, the seat of deputy to the the European Parliament that the SDLP held since 1979: Dairdre de Brún is the new deputy. Mary Lou McDonald concomitemment was concomitemment elected in Irish Republic: Sinn Féin, which almost doubled its voices (11,9% compared with 6,3% in 1999) in Eire, is the gaining main thing of these European elections in the whole island.
This party is member of the confederal Group of the European Unified left (FORD)/Scandinavian green Gauche with the the European Parliament.
See too
External bond
- Official site in English and Irish
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