Sinha Amara

A dictionary is a Reference book enumerating Mot S simple or made up (free Morphème S, expressions lexiconized), classified generally alphabetically, under their lemma (or entered ), accompanied by their definitions or their equivalents in another language. Many dictionaries inform about the Prononciation, the etymology and give marks of use as well as examples of sentences, and references which can be temporal, ideological, sectorialized,….

The dictionaries should well be distinguished, of the encyclopedias and the encyclopedic dictionaries:

dictionaries (of language) - as the Petit Robert or the Wiktionnaire - common nouns treat,
the encyclopedias - as Wikipedia or the Encyclopædia Britannica - treat things and proper names,
the encyclopedic dictionaries - as Petit Larousse Illustré - treat words, things and proper names.

There are various kinds of dictionaries, for example some are historical, the other bilingual ones. Thus, in a Franco-English dictionary, the word the moon will be associated with the English word moon .

Order in the dictionaries

For the Language S with alphabetical writing , the dictionaries classify the lemmas in their Alphabetical order.

For the languages which use Sinogramme S (Chinese, Japanese), the classification is more difficult and prone to controversy (certain signs having various readings: to consult the Dictionary of sinogrammes). In certain cases, the classification is even more difficult, because there does not exist obvious classification; it is the case of the dictionaries of Hiéroglyphe S Egyptian women or Maya, or of the dictionaries logographic: their unification is particularly difficult and is based on various studies carried out by different researchers, at various times, with methods of analysis very different and an often incomplete or non-existent knowledge from the system morphemic.

Normative description vs

The language dictionaries are generally classified in two categories: descriptive dictionaries and normative dictionaries.

the Treasury of the French language , the Petit Robert , Petit Larousse Illustré (for its component dictionary) belong to the first category; the Dictionary of the French language (1863-1872, 1872-1877) of Emile Littré and the Dictionnaire of the French Academy (1992 -) belong to the second. The descriptive dictionaries respect as much as possible the Neutralité from point of view; the normative dictionaries try as for them to establish the standard and to direct the use.

For this reason one will employ turning criticized in the first case and to avoid in the second. One employed also the expression vicious phrase in certain dictionaries, like the Littré.

Types of dictionaries

Dictionary of the French language

Dictionary of translation

Specialized dictionary (or set of themes)

Knowledge of the Lamb Biblical Dictionary
Various dictionaries of geography

Humorous dictionaries

The shapes of dictionaries

Electronic dictionary

Dictionary on line

See too

External bonds

Gallica (image mode)
Dictionary of the environment and sustainable development (more than 5300 definitions suggested free, connected enters they for multiple courses sets of themes)
Dictionnaire of the French Academy (of with leg only has)
Dictionnaires of formerly
Trésor of the French language computerized (TLFI) large dictionary of French
Wiktionnaire: affiliated collaboratif dictionary with Wikipédia container names, expressions and proverbs French and their translation in many languages
Dictionaries of French of Canada
Dictionary Norman-French 2558 words
Dictionary French Slang 18.000 words
List of the terms of the dictionary of 1663 of Ivigné Broissiniere, sior of Mollieres, Gentleman Angevin
List to find a dictionary
Dictionary in line
Selection of dictionaries and lexical bases in line
the dictionary of the Web a dictionary of the data-processing terms, +5000 definitions
Dicofusion a ludic and collaboratif dictionary.

Be-X-old: Слоўнік Fiu-vro: Sõnaraamat Simple: Dictionary

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