Simuliidae

The simulies are Diptera Nematocera having a great medical importance. These small insects from 1 to 5 mm are implied in the Onchocercose human due to the Nématode Onchocerca volvulus which is most serious of the human Filariose S, called the " blindness of the rivières".

All over the world, 1.300 species of simulies were described.

List subfamilies

Parasimuliinae
Simuliinae

One can quote the following kinds:

Cnephia
Greniera
Metacnephia
Prosimulium
Simulium
Stegopterna
Twinnia

The ecological main feature of Simulies lie in the habitat of the larval and nymphaux fresh water stages formed at the fast current. The eggs are laid in group of 150 to 500 on a partially immersed support (stone, branches, plant) and hatch 2 to 7 days later. In certain cases, there can be a stop of development at this stage. The immersed larval development comprises 6 at 8 one total duration successive stages from 1 to 2 weeks in tropical medium. The stage nymphal, also immersed, lasts 2 to 10 days. The emergence of the adult is diurnal and fast, going back to surface and flying away immediately. The fecundation of the females takes place in vol.

The two sexes nourish nectar of the flowers and only the female is hematophagous, needing a meal of blood to carry out its laying. These meals of blood are almost always diurnal, outside the dwellings, on vertebrate homéothermes.

External references

Category: Simuliidé

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