Simferopol

Simferopol ( Ukrainian Сімферополь in , Aqmescit in Tatar of the Crimea, i.e. “the white mosque”, Russian Симферополь in ) is the capital of the the Crimea, republic autonomous of Ukraine. Its population is of 363,600 inhabitants, and extends on 101 km ². It is also a central node of the railway network of the Crimea, principal terminus of the trains coming from Kiev, Moscow and besides. The city shelters also an airport, having international connections.

History

The origins of the city go back to the Scythes, which made the capital of the Crimea scythéienne of it. Later, the Tatar S of the Crimea built a city, Aqmescit, on the current zone of the modern city of Simferopol.

The Russians re-elected the Simferopol city in 1784 after the conquest of the Crimea by Catherine II of Russia. In 1802, Simferopol became the administrative center of Tauria gubernia. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), the Russian army was placed there and a hospital was built there. More 30 000 Russian soldiers were buried near the city.

During the 20th century, Simferopol was touched once again by the wars in the area. At the end of the Russian Civil war was there the general headquarter of the general Piotr Vrangel, leader of the white Armée anti Bolchévique. The November 13rd 1920, the Red Army captured the city and the October 18th 1921, Simferopol became the capital of the Soviet autonomous Republic and Socialist of the Crimea.

During the Second world war, Simferopol was occupied by the German of November 1st 1941 with the April 13rd 1944, which made massacres there, killing 22 000 inhabitants (for the Russian majority S and Jewish S). The December 13rd 1941, the Einsatzgruppen D, under the orders of Otto Ohlendorf assassinated 14 300 inhabitants of Simferopol.

After the war, Nikita Khrouchtchev administratively attached the Soviet autonomous Republic and Socialist of the Crimea to the Ukraine.

Today

After the collapse of the the USSR in 1991, Simferopol became the capital of the autonomous Republic of the Crimea, belonging to the independent Ukraine. Its population of 363 600 inhabitants is mainly made up of Russians. There are also minorities import Ukrainian and tatare.

The city, being a railway terminus for the principal international lines, of the million tourists arrive at Simferopol the summer. The largest trolley drunk of the world connects the town of Simferopol to Yalta, on the coasts of the Black Sea.

The city has also an airport, having international connections.

Celebrities born in Simferopol

Adolph Joffe
Yana Klochkova
Yuri I. Manin
Ekaterina Serebrianskaya
Anatoli Golovnya

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