Silencer (armament)

A quiet or moderating of sound is a device which, added to the mouth of a Firearm, to gas or air, makes it possible to decompress gas having been used for the propulsion of the projectile and thus to reduce considerably the Bruit produces by the brutal release of this gas in the atmosphere. With this intention, it is made up various ways and forms, functions of the type of drawn Munition.

Like the silencer does nothing but decompress the gases at exit of the gun, it does not interfere on the noise caused by the passage of the supersonic projectile of speed (i.e. more than the speed of sound is approximately 330 m/s) which pass the Mur of the sound and make them-even a noise of Détonation on their course. The phenomenon is especially sensitive on the projectiles of long range or the small fast gauges such as the 5,56 mm NATO. There exists for certain gauges of cartridge, in particular for the handguns, of the subsonic ammunition created specifically to be employed with a silencer, in order to reduce to the maximum the sound of the shooting.

A silencer is also and especially a tool of comfort, it reduces considerable the wave of mouth of a firearm. This wave of mouth is the cause of Traumatisme S O.R.L, in the zone of the nose, the throat and the ears, that cannot protect the usual means (auricular stoppers, helmets of shooting…).

A powerful silencer also reduced the retreat of a weapon, initially by its weight which is added with that of the weapon, then because it slows down the expansion of gas not being used for the propulsion of the balls.

The effectiveness of the silencers is relative, it decreases the volume of the detonation and makes the sound more diffuse while hiding the flame to the mouth of the weapon. One employs sometimes the moderating term of sound and the performances of this type of device are very variable according to the type of reducer of its employee and the weapon used. This device makes it possible the shooting to get along of less further, it is also more difficult to identify like a shooting of firearm and more difficult to locate as well because of the deformation of the sound as of the absence of visible flame. In addition, the device of silencer is insufficient to soundproof a Revolver. Indeed, in this last there exists an interstice between the room which contains the ammunition and the gun, that to make it possible the barrel to turn. This interstice lets pass part of combustion gases and thus also of the noise of the detonations upstream of the silencer. Some very rare revolvers make however exception to this rule. Most famous is undoubtedly the Nagant M1895. The design of volumes of a reducer of sound can be calculated according to the formula of CLARKS, it acts of thermodynamics of the fluids applied.

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