Signature (technical field)

See also: Signature

The signature is the whole of the elements which make it possible to characterize the presence, the type, or the identity of an object by a Senseur.
Elle thus depends on the physical phenomena used (electromagnetic waves - hertzian, visible, infra-red, etc - or mechanics - acoustics, etc), on the type of treatment carried out (imagery 1-D, 2-D or 3D, analyze in wide strip or narrow band, automatic extraction, etc) and on the principle of operation of the sensor (active - illuminating the target and analyzing the considered or re-emitted signal, passive - using a natural illumination or a signal emitted spontaneously or interception - espionnant the signal emitted by a sensor of the target).

In a scientific discipline such astronomy, such a signature can be called observational .

In the fields (military or civil) aeronautical or naval, the detection of targets can be done following the search for:

Signature radar

The signature Radar is the considered section by an object when it is illuminated by the beam of a Radar.

Each vehicle, plane, helicopter or ship, have a single signature thus making it possible to identify it by comparison with a data bank indexing the known threats. This makes it possible to distinguish an unfavourable vehicle from the friendly vehicles and to start suitable Contre-mesures (see also IF).

For an observer placed in front of him, a helicopter presents a formed asymmetrical signature of the cell and advancing Pale more marked than the folding blade.

Each vehicle (plane or Helicopter) of combat has a characteristic signature which one seeks to reduce to the maximum (furtive Avion) by the use of materials absorbing and of broken lines for example on the level entered of air of the engines.

Acoustic signature

for the furtive planes

Magnetic signature

Thermal signature

The thermal signature is the temperature of a vehicle as measured by a sensor of radiation Infrarouge (thermal camera). It is generally about the temperature of combustion gases at exit of conduit in the case of the aircraft, but this also applies for example to the tanks. It must be known with precision to be able to distinguish the target sought among other or radiation sources IR like the sun lures.

Reduction of the thermal signature to see the article Furtivité.

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