Shorthorn

As from the 16th century, the stockbreeders will choose several types of selection. Some resolutely will select the aptitude bouchère their animals, giving the shorthorn bouchère ( beef shorthoen ). Others chose to preserve the versatility of their cattle, giving the dairy shorthorn ( dairy shorthorn ). It one of the first races of bovines, is individualized as of the end of the 18th century. The selection of the bovines of race shorthorn began as of 1783 and the herd book was open in 1822. Known in the past under the name of “durham”, it was used much to generate other British and continental races with and 19th centuries. The race was exported much, in particular in North America and as the Southern ]], and served to improve of many local races, in particular in [[France]] ([[Norman]] and [[Maine-Anjou]]). To [[the United States]], by crossing with a race of [[zebu]], it gave rise to the race [[Santa Gertrudis]]. After having " révolutionné" the European breeding by the quality of its reproducers, the race shorthorn is today as a reduced manpower in the countries européens http://www.tiho-hannover.de/einricht/zucht/eaap/groups/c4_2.htm . ==Morphologie== [[Image: Shorthorn Heifers DSCN2089b.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Bull calves shorthorns " boucher" type;.]] The dress is variously coloured: red, red and white or rouan (white hairs and mixed reds). The short horns are directed downwards. There exists a branch '' polled shorthorn '' without cornes.
It is a race of average format. The females have a height with the garrot {{unit|1.30|m}} and males of {{unit|1.35|m}}; the average weight is respectively of 800 and {{unit|1200|kg}}. ==Aptitudes== ===Race bouchère=== The race bouchère has a good precocity to rapid growth. The animals have a good conformation bouchère and a very good output of carcass, but with a strong presence of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat. The cows nourish their calf well and calve without difficulties. The bulls are good reproducers to improve the old races. ===Race laitière=== The dairy race is rather a mixed race, giving a milk rich in protein and fat contents. It is dairy only in comparison with her cousin " bouchère". Morphologiquement, it presents better delimited spots and more frankly rouges http://www.shorthorn.co.uk/shorthorn/home.htm . This is explained by crossings with dairy red black and white races: [[ayrshire (race)|ayrshire]] or [[black and white red of the plains]]. [[Image: Light Roan Shorthorn Heifer DSCN1872b.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Heifer shorthorn.]] == Notes and references == == Voir also == === related Articles === * [[Bovine]] * [[Cow]] * [[Breeding]] * [[bovine Breeding]] * [[List of the bovine races]] * [[bovine Breeding in the United Kingdom]] === external Bonds === * {{in}} [http://www.dairyshorthorn.com/ Association Dairy Shorthorn in Australia] * {{in}} [http://www.shorthorn.org/tailored.aspx American Association of Shorthorn] {{Multi stringcourse|United Kingdom gate|Gate zoology|Gate Agropédia}} [[Category: Bovine race]] [[of: Shorthorn-Rind]] [[in: Shorthorn]] [[ja: ショートホーン