Short take-off and landing aircraft

A Short take-off and landing aircraft (of which the Acronyme is s.t.o.l ) is a Aéronef with aerofoil fixes able to use tracks length very limited (in general lower than 200 meters) for the Décollage and the Atterrissage. The anglophone name of this concept is STOL ( Short Takeoff and Landing aircraft ).

One distinguishes s.t.o.l from the v.t.o.l (which can take off and land vertically) and this category includes/understands neither the helicopters nor the balloons and the airships, which are not planes. On the other hand the Autogire is a s.t.o.l.

Principle

Characteristics s.t.o.l of a plane come mainly from aerodynamic characteristics particular improving the Portance:

  • the aerofoil is in general of important size
  • various high-lift devices can be implemented, like the shutters and the nozzles.
  • certain s.t.o.l with propellers also uses a puffed up aerofoil to reach lift increasing and a Climbing speed high.

By increasing the Portance, these various devices make it possible to decrease speed necessary as well for takeoff (from where a reduction of the distance from track to be traversed) as for the presentation with the landing (from where a reduction of the braking distance).

Short takeoff is in addition supported by a weight positive ratio/power, which makes it possible more quickly to reach speed necessary to lift.

Examples

See too

  • vertical Plane on takeoff and landing (v.t.o.l)

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