Shivâjî Bhonsla known as Shivâjî ( Chhatrapati Shivâjî Maharaj ) (1630 - 1680) is a râja Marathe.

Shivâjî, wire of Shâhjî Bhonsla and his influential Jijabai wife, is born in Junnar in the area from Pouné to the Maharashtra during one time when most of the India is with the hands of the Moslems. His/her father is a brilliant general who was used Adil Shah as Bîjâpur, Nijam Shah of Ahmadnâgar and the Moghol S.

RAM Das Samartha, its guru, makes his education and its Hindu patriotic ideal transmits to him. Very young person, it shows exceptional military gift and independence of mind. Whereas India undergone the Moslem yoke, it makes the wish, in 1645, with the temple of the goddess Bhâvanî, to establish a Hindu kingdom. It implements a strategy of Guérilla which enables him in 1646 to seize a fort close to Pouné. Its success enables him to rejoin other tribes and to attack the possessions of the sultan of Bîjâpur and to even seize forts. The sultan sends an army under the orders of Afzal Khan but Shivâjî assassinates this last by treachery during negotiations by means of a Bagh-nakha or “claws of tiger”. Having lost its commander-in-chief, the army of Bîjâpur is thus demolished without difficulties. In 1660, Aurangzeb, anxious of the growing power of Shivâjî, sends against him an army which takes Pouné, the capital marathe, but which does not resist the counter-attack of Shivâjî.

Shivâjî plunders Surat, in 1664, an important port commercial for Moghols and where are installed foreign counters. The same year, it founds the Empire marathe. Aurangzeb attacks again, then the two men sign a peace treaty in 1665 by which Shivâjî reassigns 23 of the 35 fortified towns which it had seized.

Shivâjî and its Sambhâjî son go to Âgrâ, in 1666, but they are treated by Aurangzeb in a way very scorning and put under monitoring. Disguised in Sadhu, the two men flee and turn over to Pouné. Aurangzeb grants to him in 1670 the title of râja to persuade it, he revolts again and plunders Surat for the second time.

He is made crown king ( mahârâj ) in June 1674 with Raigarh. He continues to fight victoriously against Moghols, Bîjâpur, the Portuguese of Goa and even against the pirates abyssins who make his coasts not very sure.

He dies in Raigarh in 1680 and leaves with his oldest son Sambhâjî immense a empire.

Chronology of Shivâjî

  • 1594 : Birth of Shahajî Bhonsla, the father of Shivâjî
  • 1596: Birth of Jijabai, his/her mother
  • 1627: Birth of Shivâjî.
  • 1630 : Famine in the Maharashtra until in 1631
  • 1640: the May 14th marriage of Shivâjî and Saibai
  • 1645: the April 15th Shivâjî makes its wish with Rohideshwar
  • 1646: Shivâjî seizes the fort of Torna close to Pouné.
  • 1656 : Annexation of Javli by Shivâjî Bhonsla.
  • 1659 : the November 10th: Shivâjî assassinates Afzal Khan
  • 1659: Shivâjî seizes Bîjâpur.
  • 1664 : 6 with the January 10th Shivâjî puts at bag Surat and founds the Empire marathe.
  • 1665 : Shivâjî signs the peace treaty of Purandhar with Aurangzeb.
  • 1666 : Shivâjî and its Sambhâjî son arrive, the May 12th, with Âgrâ to see Aurangzeb, then escape the August 17th disguised in Sadhu S.
  • 1667: Aurangzeb grants the title of Râja to Shivâjî. It thus obtains the right to raise taxes.
  • 1668 : Peace treaty between Shivâjî and Aurangzeb
  • 1670: Shivâjî again puts Surat at bag.
  • 1674 : Shivâjî takes the title of Chhatrapati. The June 17th, death of Jijabai.
  • 1677 : Shivâjî is combined with Golkonda. It makes a raid on the areas of Madras and Mysore.
  • 1679 : Shivâjî beats a British fleet.
  • 1680 : Death of Shivâjî. Rebellion of prince Akbar, wire of Aurangzeb. Overcome, it takes refuge at Sambhâjî, the son of Shivâjî.

Commemorations

  • the international airport International Sahar Airport of Mumbai (in the past Bombay) in the Maharashtra, at famous summer in Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport.
  • the Station Victoria of Mumbai (Maharashtra), at summer re-elected in Chhatrapati Shivaji Station or CST in 1996.

Internal bond

External bond

  • the legend of Shivâjî

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