Shipwreck - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Causes

The boats are lost for many reasons, including:

damages or rupture of the structure of the ship,
loss of stability,
error of navigation,
excessive work hours (Fatigue (physical)),
unfavourable meteorology,
war and piracy,
dysfunction of an infrastructure of navigation (lock for example)

But in general it is noted that an unfortunate succession of small details can also lead to the shipwreck.

Damages or rupture of the structure of the ship

The rupture of an element of the structure of the ship or the Voie of water in the hull is serious problems which can lead to the loss of the Flottabilité and with the depression of the ship. Even of large modern ships broke in strong Tempête S. the infiltrations between bordered of the ships out of wooden were a particular problem. ( Erika , Ievoli Sun , Estonia , Prestige , etc)

A damage of the apparatus of propulsion like the engines, or of the apparatus to be controlled, a weakness in the veils or the Mast RUE, can have serious consequences or even fatal in particular because the ship cannot avoid any more natural dangers like the shelves (risk of failure). ( Amoco Cadiz ).

The Fire and the Explosion are also potential threats.

Loss of stability

The balance of the ship depends on the respective positions of the Center of gravity and the Center of hull. This balance can be disturbed following problems of Rippage of cargo, water way, etc By losing its stability, the ship is likely to capsize.

This balance can be also compromised by the presence of water or of liquid in the funds or badly compartmentalized holds, inducing an effect of Carène liquidates. ( Herald off Free Enterprise ).

Errors of navigation

Many shipwrecks occurred when the crew could not prevent the ship from being drossé on the rocks, to enter in collision with other ships (boarding) or even of the Iceberg S. Souvent navigation is made difficult by the bad weather. Many helps like the System of positioning by satellites, Radar, sounder, BOARD, are available nowadays on many footbridges; one notes in spite of very that the stepping of various information is not yet systematic and blind confidence in only one system (GPS in fact) can lead to coarse errors ( Royal Majesty in 1995). The errors of navigation are also targeted like being able to be a consequence of the Fatigue of the officer of the watch and/or Matelot watcher. ( Exxon Valdez ).

Unfavourable meteorology

Among the conditions weather making navigation more difficult it there a:

wind.
a reduced visibility to see null ( Andrea Doria ).
cold.

The Vent creates Vague S which are other difficulties. They make navigation difficult and dangerous close to the coast when the funds are reduced. The swell causes an effort on the structure of the hull. The weight of the vague beachcombers obliges a reduction of the Speed, to change course to follow the direction of the swell (" setting in fuite"), to even stop the ship (" setting with the cape"). The effect is increased on the sailing ships.

The Froid can make metal breakable. The accumulation of ice, in particular on the high parts of the ship, increases its instability.

Dysfunction of an infrastructure of navigation

A dysfunction of infrastructure of navigation, in particular a lock or a mobile stopping, can be at the origin of a more or less serious accident, being able to go until the loss of life (S) human (S). This dysfunction can be of a purely technical nature (damages on a body such as casement, sluice valve, etc…) or to have a human cause: for example, a lockkeeper a little in a hurry who opens the sluice valves brutally whereas the boats all are not moored yet and in safety.

State of safeguarding

Many factors enter the state of safeguarding of a wreck in particular: the recovery of components, corrosion, the tide, the swell.

Species of marine worms xylophiles (tarets) can also eat wood.

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