Shimon Peres (in Hebrew שמעוןפרס, Arab شمعونبيرس), born on August 2nd, 1923, is an Israeli politician . He directed the Israeli workers party and was the eighth Prime Minister of Israel of 1984 with 1986 then of 1995 with 1996, and 1st Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for the Development of Negev and Galileo and the regional Economic development of 2006 with 2007. He is elected president of the State of Israel on June 13rd, 2007. He takes up duty on July 15th, 2007.

Youth

Shimon Peres (of her original name Szymon Perski ) was born in Wiśniew in Poland (maintaining in Bielorussia). Its family emigrates towards Tel Aviv in 1934 and it follows studies to the school of Geula to Tel Aviv then to the agricultural school of Ben Shemen.

In 1947, Peres enlists in the Haganah (predecessor of the Israeli forces of defense) and is named by David Ben Gourion as chief of the material resources and humaines.

Political career

In 1952, it is elected for the first time appointed at the Knesset (Israeli Parliament) and is re-elected in 1959, as a member of the party Mapai (Labor).

In 1953, it is named managing director of the ministry for defense. In this function, it is implied particularly in the purchase of weapons for the young State of Israel. It goes to France in 1954 and makes the meeting of Abel Thomas, managing director of the ministry for the Interior, which introduces to him its minister Maurice Bourges-Maunoury. Together, they set up a co-operation between the intelligence services in the fight against the Egyptian common enemy shown by France to support the Algerian freedom fighters . In 1956, Bourges-Maunoury becomes Minister for Defense in the government of Guy Mollet. A close cooperation free-Israeli starts. The efforts of Fathers are effective and it succeeds in acquiring, near the France, the first nuclear reactor of Dimona and, near the French airframe manufacturer Dassault, the Mirage III, a fighter to reaction.

It is used for the ministry for defense until in 1965 at the time of its implication in the Affaire Lavon with Moshe Dayan. Fathers and Dayan leave Mapai of David Ben Gourion to form a new party, Rafi which is reconciled finally with Mapai in 1968 (but without Ben Gourion).

In 1969, Peres is again named minister and, in 1970, he becomes Minister for transport and Transport. In 1974, after one period as Minister for information, it is named Minister for defense in the government of Yitzhak Rabin.

Although it never led the workers party to a victory with the elections, Shimon Peres occupied the post of Prime Minister by twice: first once of 1984 with 1986 within the framework of a rotation related to the agreement with the Likoud of Yitzhak Shamir, and second once between 1995 and 1996, to replace the Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin assassinated.

In 1994, following the Agreements of Oslo, Shimon Peres is seen decreed the Nobel Prize of peace with Yitzhak Rabin and Yasser Arafat.

Fathers is beaten with the elections of 1996 by Benjamin Netanyahou and the Likoud. Shimon Peres continuous to act as a nonofficial “ambassador” of Israel (even when it is in the opposition), thanks to prestige and with the respect which it enjoys in the international public opinion and in the diplomatic circles. He endeavors to thwart the activity of propaganda of the pro-Palestinian international circles.

In 1997, it founds the “Peres center for peace”. Fathers remains a defender solved of the Accords of Oslo and Palestinian Autorité since the beginning, in spite from both Intifada S.

It returns to a ministerial position in the Sharon government. It defends the right for Israel to a Security policy, answers criticisms international against the " fence safety " raised by the Israeli State.

It supports the policy of Ariel Sharon in her will to use the Israeli armed forces to thwart the " war of terror " , generated by many the Martyr S Palestinians transformed into human bombs, and to uproot the political and military infrastructure Palestinian Terrorism and of its networks. It was very a long time long in admitting the idea of a sovereign Palestinian State and does not recognize the fact of the Israeli occupation, remaining on the official position (" territories disputés"), nor the idea of a withdrawal of the totality of the occupied territories.

In 2005, Peres is beaten with the internal election of the workers party which indicates Amir Peretz like her new leader. This one precipitates anticipated legislative elections by announcing the departure of the members of the Labor Party of the coalition composed by Ariel Sharon.

January 5th, 2006, less than 12 midnight after the hospitalization of the Prime Minister Ariel Sharon following a " grave" brain hemorrhage, one of the persons in charge of the party Kadima affirms under certain conditions that Shimon Peres should be appointed Prime Minister. He announces on Chanel 1, the January 9th, which he does not have the intention to become again Prime Minister, even if that were proposed to him.

On the other hand, Shimon Peres becomes number 2 (behind Ehud Olmert) of Kadima, the party with center vocation created by Sharon to prepare the anticipated elections of March 2006. The January 15th, it resigns of its station of deputy to raise the legal obstacles to the continuation of its career within Kadima.

After the victory of Kadima in 2006, it becomes Deputy Prime Minister for the coalition government that Ehud Olmert form with the old party of Fathers (Labor). It also has the wallet of Minister for regional development charged with the Galileo and the desert of the Negev.

June 13rd, 2007, candidate of Kadima, supported by the Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, it at the head arrives of the first ballot organized at the Parliament to elect his president. He obtains 58 votes, against 37 for Reuven Rivlin, of the Likoud and 21 for Colette Avital of the Workers party. None of the three candidates not having obtained the absolute majority of 61 necessary votes to be elected as of the first turn. As of the advertisement of the results, its two competitors withdraw race leaving the free track to the Deputy Prime Minister. A second turn then took place, the same day, and declared it president by 86 votes against 23 (out of 120 deputies with the Knesset). It becomes the 9 {{E}} President of the State of Israel.

Mandates

• From December 21st, 1959 to May 25th, 1965: Vice-minister of Defense.

• From December 15th, 1969 to December 22nd, 1969: Minister without portfolio.
• From December 22nd, 1969 to July 27th, 1970: Minister for Immigration.
• From September 1st, 1970 to March 10th, 1974: Minister of Transport, Minister for Transport.
• From March 10th, 1974 to June 3rd, 1974: Minister for Information.
• Of the June 3rd 1974 at June 20th, 1977: Minister for Defense.
• Of 1977 with 1992: Leader of the Workers party.
• From September 13rd, 1984 to December 23rd, 1984: Minister for the Religious affairs.
• From September 13rd, 1984 to December 24th, 1984: Minister for the Interior matters.
• From September 13rd, 1984 to October 20th, 1986: Prime Minister.
• From October 20th, 1986 to December 22nd, 1988: 1st Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.
• From December 22nd, 1988 to March 15th, 1990: 1st Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Finance.
• From July 13rd, 1992 to November 22nd, 1995: Foreign Minister.
• From November 4th, 1995 to November 22nd, 1995: Minister for Defense.
• From November 5th, 1995 to November 22nd, 1995: Prime Minister by interim.
• From November 22nd, 1995 to June 18th, 1996: Prime Minister, following the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, on November 4th, 1995.
• From November 22nd, 1995 to June 18th, 1996: Minister for Defense, following the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, on November 4th, 1995.
• Of 1995 with 1996: Leader of the Workers party.
• From July 6th, 1999 to March 7th, 2001: Minister for the regional Co-operation.
• From March 7th, 2001 to November 2nd, 2002: Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.
• Of 2003 with 2005: Leader of the Workers party.
• From January 10th, 2005 to November 23rd, 2005: Deputy Prime Minister of Ariel Sharon.
• Since 2005 with 2007: Number of 2 of Kadima (centrist party created by Ariel Sharon).
• From May 4th, 2006 to July 4th, 2007: 1st Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for the Development of the Negev and the Galileo and regional Economic development.
• Since July 15th, 2007: President of the State of Israel

Various biographical elements

Shimon Peres is married in Sonya Gelman, and has a girl, Tzvia (Tziki) Walden-Fathers, a linguist, and two wire, Yoni (born 1952) and Chemi, president de Pitango, an important company Israeli of capital risks.

It is interested particularly in nano-electronics.

Quotations

• “If a problem does not have any solution, it can not be a problem, but a fact - whose its finality, is not to be solved but to pass the test of time. ”
• “television made the dictatorship impossible but the unbearable democracy. ”
• “You can kill thousand people; you can shorten a life; but you cannot kill an idea. ” - quotation pronounced after the assassination of the Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin.
• “With the monks you can hardly negotiate. They think that they have the supreme permission to kill out of the people and to go to make the war. ”
• “the Arabs started to understand that poverty does not create terror, but that terror creates poverty. They are the victims of their own errors. ”
• “the court was unaware of the fact that the right to life is a basic right of the man. The effectiveness of the court is in its real capacity to make move back terror, and not only against those which fight it. ” - about the Jewish opponents with the wall of safety.
• “either do not have You the choice. It will be you or Hezbollah.” - For submission to the Lebanese people, on July 24th, 2006.

External bonds

• Biography of Shimon Peres