Sherbrooke

History

The area of Sherbrooke, more particularly the sector with the junction of the Magog river and Saint-François, was in an original manner a place of camping of the Abénaquis. Those called the place Ktineketolekwac , which means “Large Forks”. The Brompton sector was also attended of Abénaquis of passage; the place bore the name of Pimihlansk or “where water falls”. At the beginning of, these same Abénaquis had also indicated the place of the name of Shacewanteku , which means “where one smokes”, because they were accustomed to stopping with the confluence of Pskasewantekw (Magog) and of Alsigôntekw (Saint-François) to rest. The first nobody to live the place was Jean-Baptiste Nolain, a French-speaking person come to settle there to live agriculture in 1779. All indicates that the company did not have however a continuation, but the places were known French-speaking people under the name of “Large Bearing”, and this since 1724. The term was transformed into “Large-Fouches”, then translated thereafter into English by “Big Forks”. An attempt at colonization took place in 1792 on bank is river Saint-François and the place was known under the name of Cowan' S Clearance . The city was however founded in 1802 by a American loyal supporter of the name of Gilbert Hyatt, district of Schenectady in the State of New York. Following the War of independence of the United States, Hyatt came to the Canada to open a way of 60 miles length in order to settle with its family and to build there a mill with the confluence of the rivers Magog and Saint-François. In the beginning, they are 40 families which came to be established in the places, representing a population of 102 individuals. The conditions were not very easy with the first steps of the colony of the Canton-of-the Is; the lately founded villages were too far from the urban centres and the colonists found themselves scattered in the middle of the forest all while not having access to motor-roads. By the fact even, the populations were often with the catches with famines and various difficulties of provisioning.

Little by little, the region was linked to the remainder of the province and the massive immigration of Irishman, Écossais and English made of Sherbrooke an anglophone city. This situation changed little by little, so much and so that in 1851, 16% of the population was Canadian-Frenchwoman. This rate climbed quickly to 51%, in 1871, and to 59%, in 1898. The inauguration of 2 railroads, one connecting Shebrooke to Portland cement, Maine, and the other with Lévis, confirmed the industrial calling of the city while contributing to its development.

Chronology

1779 Arrived of the first colonist, Jean-Baptiste Nolain.
1791 Acquisition of the canton of Ascot by the brothers Gilbert, Joseph and Cornelius Hyatt and a score of associates, Loyal supporters come from Arlington (Vermont).
1793 Of the Loyalistes come from Vermont undertake the clearing of the canton of Ascot under the direction of Gilbert Hyatt.
1795 Put in exploitation of a first mill per Gilbert Hyatt at the confluence of the rivers Magog and Saint-François.
1802 Year of official foundation of the city
1803 First concessions of grounds to English loyal supporters come from Vermont to be established in the canton of Ascot (Lennoxville).
1819 Opening of a post office under the name of Village-of-Sherbrooke.
1823 (March 22nd) Constitution of the municipality of the village of Sherbrooke. Construction of first law courts on the street Inlays, in Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke becomes the chief town of the legal district of Sherbrooke.
1835 Establishment of the Church congregationnalist of Sherbrooke-Lennoxville.
1836 Opening of Bishop' S College in Lennoxville.
1839 Construction of the second law courts on the street Williams (military horse-gear of Sherbrooke Hussards). (April 3rd) the village of Sherbrooke becomes city.
1840 Opening of the general store of Richard Dalby Morkill.
1844 Put in exploitation of the first factory of Sherbrooke Knitting machine Factory Company.
1850 Beginning of establishment of French Canadian colonists come to work in the spinning mills.
1851 the municipality of Sherbrooke counts 3.000 inhabitants.
1852 Arrived of the railroad. Opening of a post office under the name of Waterville.
1853 Foundation of the University Bishop in Lennoxville. Inauguration of the railroad Chambly-Shefford-Stanstead-Portland cement. Put in exploitation of the sawmill Brompton Falls by Cyrus S. Clark, close to the Brompton falls.
1857 Foundation of the College Mount-Our-Lady of Sherbrooke (this institution was private secondary, for girls in 2005).
1859 Foundation of Eastern Township Bank. Inauguration of Market Public garden, including/understanding the first town hall, a market hall, and a market in the open air.
1863 Discovered, by the geologist William Logan*, of Pyrite with strong content of Copper and of Sulfide on the farm of George Capel, with Ascot. Introduction of a mine of copper by George Capel, in the hamlet called since then Capelton.
1875 Foundation of the Seminar of Sherbrooke (this institution was private secondary and collegial, for girls and boys in 2005). (December 24th) New constitution of the town of Sherbrooke.
1877 Construction of the head office of Eastern Township Bank.
1879 Opening of the Old people's home of the Sacred Heart of Sherbrooke.
1880 the city is enlightened with gas by Sherbrooke Gas & Water. (June 24th) the Forepaugh circus shows for the first time at Sherbrookois electric lighting. The municipality of Sherbrooke counts: 8000 inhabitants.
1881 (October 18th) Inauguration of the railroad de between Sherbrooke and Valley-Junction by the company Sherbrooke & Eastern Townships Railway.
1888 Royal Electric (see Hydro-Quebec) Montreal provides electricity to several hotels, stores and offices of the street Wellington. Sherbrooke Gas & Water buy the interests of Royal Electric with Sherbrooke at the cost of 6.000 $ and announce the construction of the Frontenac hydroelectric station, on the Magog river, to light the streets of Sherbrooke to electricity.
1890 Inauguration of the railway station of Sherbrooke. (February 13rd)
1896 Construction by Sherbrooke Street Railway of an hydroelectric station close to the Dufferin bridge for the operation of its network of Tram S. (March 16th) canonical Erection of the parish Saint-Roch-with Orford; its territory covers part of the cantons of Orford and Ascot. (December 30th) Fire of part of the Seminar of Sherbrooke.
1897 Manufacture of Fossmobile (according to its originator, George Foss), the first gasoline car of Canada, which circulates in Sherbrooke during the same year. Electric trams start to circulate in the streets of Sherbrooke.
1901 the municipality of Sherbrooke counts: 11700 inhabitants.
1903 the village of Brompton Falls becomes city and adopts the name of Bromptonville.
1905 (March 20th) the municipality warns Sherbrooke Power, Light and Heat Co. that she intends to repurchase her installations of electrical production.
1907 Closing of the copper mine of Capelton.
1908 (May 1st) Following a referendum, Sherbrooke Power, Light and Heat Co. becomes property of the municipality.
1909 Foundation of the General hospital Saint-Vincent-of-Paul de Sherbrooke (300 beds). (to close today)
1910 Foundation of the regiment of the Fusiliers of Sherbrooke of the Canadian Armed .
1911 Inauguration of the hydroelectric station of Rock'n'roll Forest. The municipality of Sherbrooke counts: 16700 inhabitants.
1915 Foundation of the hermitage of the Sacred Heart, under the name of Sanctuary of Beauvoir (Fleurimont).
1916 Foundation of the Hospital of Sherbrooke (50 beds) “to promote surgical and medical sciences, to establish clinical laboratories, of experimentation and scientific research”. (April 14th)
1917 Inauguration of the cathedral Saint-Michel.
1920 the village of Lennoxville becomes city.
1939-1945 a camp of Canadian internment of origin of country belonging to the germano-italo-Nipponese axis is established in Newington to accommodate 700 prisoners.
1941 the municipality of Sherbrooke counts: 36000 inhabitants.
1945 Foundation of the Symphony orchestra of Sherbrooke. The municipality of Small-Lake-Magog adopts the name of Deauville. Foundation of the College Sacred Heart (this institution was private secondary, for girls in 2005).
1949 Léopold Drolet* founds the factory of sticks of hockey Sher-Wood.
1950 Inauguration of the dam Bromptonville. Purchase of the mill with paper of the company Brompton Falls by the Kruger company.
1954 Foundation of the University of Sherbrooke.
1961 the municipality of Sherbrooke counts: 59000 inhabitants.
1964 Ouverture of the highway of Canton-of-the Is.
1968 Foundation of the College of Sherbrooke.
1969 Opening of the University hospital of Sherbrooke.
1971 Foundation of Regional Champlain College. (August 11th) the municipality of Ascot-North adopts the name of Fleurimont.
1981 the municipality of Sherbrooke counts: 74000 inhabitants.
1982 Foundation of the Museum of the Art schools de Sherbrooke.
1989 the municipal administration of Sherbrooke moves in the law courts of 1906.
1993 Fleurimont becomes city.
2001 (August 12th) Fusion of the municipalities of Ascot, Bromptonville (partly), Deauville, Fleurimont, Lennoxville, Rock'n'roll Forest, Saint-Élie-with Orford, Stoke (partly) and Sherbrooke under the name of the latter. (November 4th) Election of the first mayor and the first city council men of the future news town of Sherbrooke; Jean Perrault is elected mayor. (December 31st) the amalgamated municipalities cease existing.
2006 (May) Brought into service of Orford Express train, a tourist train which will circulate between Bromont, Magog, Eastman and Sherbrooke. (September 26th)
2007 the metropolitan region of census of Sherbrooke is aggrandie and includes the town of Magog now, carrying the population of the agglomeration with: 186952 inhabitants.

Site and urban development

In addition to the mountains, Sherbrooke is a place of predilection for the practice of the outdoor. Indeed, the rivers Magog and Saint-François lend themselves well to the fishing. Also, the Magog river is attended by the rowers and the kayakers (starting from the Blanchard beach).

Many parks, timbered and green zones are present at same the town of Sherbrooke. The urban forest is composed mainly of Feuillu S. the indigenous gasolines most common are especially the maple with sugar, the red maple, the poplar false-trembles, the birch with paper, the white ash, the white pine, the larch laricin, the beech of America and the red oak, with its many settlements in the wooded grounds. The robinier false-acacia is extremely probably more abundant in Sherbrooke than everywhere else with the Quebec, but it was imported by the Loyalistes and escaped of culture. The introduced gasolines include/understand also the maple of Norway ( Crimson King ), the black Noyer (introduced by the Loyal supporters and escaped of culture), the maple in Giguère and, in a less great measurement, the févier of America, the horse chestnut tree, the catalpa of the West and the Ginkgo biloba (one plants this last there since the beginning of the Années 1990). One also finds, at the shrubby state, of scattered Magnolia S and maples of Japan. Old man-North shelters several gasolines of very rare trees to this latitude, of which some tulipiers of Virginia and at least a catalpa of Caroline.

The park of Wood-Beckett is, since 2000, recognized by the ministry for the Natural resources and the Fauna of Quebec like the older second wooded urban in importance with the Quebec. Moreover, this park is recognized, by the regional Municipalité of county (MRC) of Sherbrooke and by the City, like a space to be protected. With this intention, it was decided to prevent any project commercial, residential or road likely to come to disturb the state of it. Moreover, the park has many followers posting themselves for his protection, of which the city council man Jacques Testulat. Very recently, there was a bearing Référendum on the park; it was classified like ecological surface of interest to protect . This new statute will influence the future planning of the highway network in this sector, therefore under the terms of the payment of zoning which accompanies the new plan, only the pedestrian paths, of Ski touring and of racket will be authorized inside the limits of the park.

The Jacques-Cartier park surrounds a section of the Magog river which forms the Lac of the Nations, the year place which accommodates, by year, the gathering for the Great Excursion Cyclist of Estrie, the activities surrounding the national Festival of Quebec and the fires of artifices. Thanks to the project of the Quoted of the Rivers , this site was revitalized. Also, the Tourisme in the city increased.

Except the Blanchard beach, one finds another beach with the accesses of the lake Magog, in the sector of Deauville. This beach is in way to be restored and arranged. The throat of the Magog river is in the middle same downtown area, giving an impression of wild nature to very the heart of the city. The followers of Water skiing or Wakeboard are cherished by the presence of the lake of the Nations and the lake Magog in summer. The lakes Massawippi, Brompton, Memphrémagog and Stukely, which is in the certain vicinity of the city, have all of the beaches. At 20 minutes in the east, one finds the mounts Stoke, a mini assembly line which it is possible to traverse over the entire length, with the proviso of having a chart of member of the paths of Estrie. The Chapman mount culminates there with 650 meters.

What makes the charm of Sherbrooke, except its landscapes, it is the Anglo-Saxon character of its environment. The city having a history closely related to the American , Irish, Scottish and English having built it, the heritage is very present. It is enough to go in districts like Lennoxville or old man-north to discover sublimes houses victoriennes 19th century, thing which is not in about any other area of Quebec. If one is initially intrigued to see as many names with anglophone consonance in the area, one is then filled with wonder by the Architecture pointing out the New England. A road set of themes bearing the name of Route of the Cantons was born in May 2007 in order to facilitate the life with the tourists wishing to visit these jewels of the Anglo-Saxon time of the Canton-of-the Is.

Geographical location

Latitude: 45 degrees 24 minutes North
Longitude: 71 degrees 54 minutes Western
Difference in hour with Greenwich (GMT): 4 hours 47 minutes 36 seconds
Difference in time with the Central meridian line Western 75°: -12 minutes 24 seconds

Administration

See also: List of the mayors of Sherbrooke

Since the 1 {{er}} January 2002, the new town of Sherbrooke almost completely gathers the territorial limits of the eight following municipal entities: Ascot, Bromptonville, Deauville, Fleurimont, Lennoxville, Rock'n'roll Forest, Saint-Élie-with Orford and Sherbrooke.

The current mayor is Jean Perrault. This one is also the president of the Union of the Municipalities of Quebec (UMQ). The mayor and the city council men of Sherbrooke do not have a political label.

The municipal council of Sherbrooke is composed of 19 advisers who are divided in a way proportional to the demographic weight of each district.

The Councils of District

District of Brompton: 3 advisers
District of Fleurimont: 5 advisers
District of Jacques Cartier: 4 advisers
District of Lennoxville: 3 advisers
District of Mount-Bellevue: 4 advisers
District of Rock'n'roll-Forest--St-Élie--Deauville: 4 advisers

Demography

The following demographic information is most recent available near the Statistical institute of Quebec.

General data

The city counts: 186952 inhabitants (2006) in his agglomeration, of which: 148170 inhabitants (2006) in the city centers. As for the six District S, their population is distributed as follows:

Brompton : : 5956 hab.
Fleurimont : : 41276 hab.
Lennoxville : : 5195 hab.
Mount-Bellevue: : 33377 hab.
Rock'n'roll-Forest-Saint-Élie-Deauville: : 29191 hab.
Jacques-Cartier: : 30229 hab.

Population by group of age

By breaking up the statistics of the total population of the town of Sherbrooke according to precise layers of age, that gives:

Total population: : 148170 hab.

0-14 years: : 23596 hab.
15-24 years: : 21722 hab.
25-44 years: : 41618 hab.
45-64 years: : 40017 hab.
65 years and more: : 21217 hab.

Language

Although populated by anglophone at the beginning of the 19th century, Sherbrooke is a French-speaking city today mainly (more than 85% of its inhabitants have the French language like native tongue).

Other statistics

Population forecast (variation 2026/2001): 8,7%
Hard-working of 25-64 years (2004): : 8987
Rate of workers of 25-64 years (2004): 74,1%
Returned of average employment of the workers of 25-64 years (2004): 29.185 $
Rate of assistance-employment (Unemployment) (2006): 6,1%

Surrounding MRC and equivalent territories

MRC of Brominates-Missisquoi
MRC of High-Yamaska the
MRC of Valley-Saint-François
MRC of Coaticook
Comté of Orleans, Vermont, the United States of America

Soldier

52e Ambulance of Countryside
714e Squadron of the Communications
the Fusiliers of Sherbrooke
The Sherbrooke Hussars

Paramilitaries

Body of Juniors by the Canadian Royal Navy - 197 Frontenac
Squadron of the Juniors by the Air - Squadron 67 Sherbrooke
Body of juniors 2721 Fusiliers by Sherbrooke
Body of Juniors by the Naval League - 110 Abénakis

Culture

In summer season, the area is very animated by several festivals, spectacles and events proceeding on its territory. The city has a Anglo-Saxon architectural heritage, as the residences testify some to Old man-North.

The city has the 4th more big room of spectacle in Quebec, the room Maurice O' bready of the arts center of the university of Sherbrooke , which accommodates many spectacles of music, theater and dance. The theater Centennial , on the campus of the University Bishop, accommodates several spectacles of music of the world and dance. the old bell-tower of Sherbrooke has two rooms, whose principal one is a room of choice for several groups of music and humorists Québécois. The Theater Granada , classified patrimonial historical place by the government of Canada, is the last theater of atmosphere to have preserved its original architecture since its opening. One still presents to it several concerts of group of music. Finally, the small theater of Sherbrooke , located at the downtown area, present of the spectacles of theater for children.

With its two universities and its three cégeps, Sherbrooke is host of several artists underground whom one sees ravelling a little everywhere downtown that it is with popular the Café of the Palate , with the quasi-secrecy Bar Magog , with the Left bank , the basement of the Bla-Bla coffee or the Hot Line, which were a success quasi-instatané at Sherbrookois and Sherbrookoises.

However, like many other cities in Quebec, well of young musicians prometteures leave their city for will bore in the medium montréalais, without however missing returning to rather frequently play in the rooms of Sherbrooke.

Since 2002, there also exists on the street Western King in the old church Holy-Therese-with Avila the Nave , a single center of arts in its kind in Quebec. There work sculptors, painters, dancers and musicians in a place of creation open to the public. Spectacles and concerts of OSM are given in sport during the summer months, at places such as the Place of the City, the auditorium in front of the town hall and the recent public surface giving on the Magog river.

Transport

The town of Sherbrooke has a system of bus comparable with several other towns of its size. The Shipping company of Sherbrooke (STS) is present in all the districts. The students of the University of Sherbrooke can use the service of transport public free at the time of the presentation of their charts coeds, which makes of Sherbrooke the only city where transport public is free for the academics. Since September 2007, the students of the Cégep de Sherbrooke are entitled also to free transport. Moreover, it has modifies considerably are networks of bus, a few months ago what caused several opinions very diversified. Another project of the city would be to found a service of passenger train to go to Montreal, Quebec and in the United States. Then finally, it has an airport of small gauge, located outside the city, which amongst other things offers a daily flight towards Toronto.

Tourism

The area sherbrookoise offers many attractions located in the vicinity, such as the villages of inspiration anglo-saxone like North Hatley, the tourist one but not less splendid Magog, the mine of Capelton, the covered bridges, many lakes, a multitude of festivals, vineyards, the wine trail, the road of the Cantons, etc

But as regards the city in itself, Sherbrooke accommodates each year of many events which contribute to its fame in the Canton-of-the Is.

In February:

the Continental-Sherbrooke Challenge on ice.
the Carnival of Sherbrooke

In May:

the Festival of the harmonies and Symphony orchestras of Quebec, with the University of Sherbrooke.

In July:

the Great laughter of Sherbrooke.
the Festival of the Lake of the Nations.
Wellington Tuning Show

In August:

the Festival of the traditions of the world, with Fleurimont.
the Festival of water to the park Jacques-Cartier
the Festival of the Cowboys in the district Brompton

In September:

the Festival of the short film of Sherbrooke, with the Theater Granada.

the Symposium of the Rivers where one can attend spectacles in sport

In October:

the Living room of the book of Estrie.

Moreover, all the summer takes place the circuit Traces and Souvenances which includes/understands a guided visit of various historical sectors of the downtown area. Every Sunday from August to September seat the Circuit of interpretation of Good Sundays takes a tourist train makes the connection between Sherbrooke and Magog, the way will be extended to Knowlton and Bromont during the summer 2007. Information on the train Orford Express train

One can find more information on the sites of Tourism Sherbrooke and of Tourism Canton-of-the Is.

Infrastructure

Museum and places of discoveries

Museum of nature and sciences

Theater

Room Maurice O' Bready
the Theater Granada
the Small Theater

Postsecondaire educations

University of Sherbrooke
University Bishop' S (mainly anglophone University located at Lennoxville)
Cégep de Sherbooke
Seminar of Sherbrooke
Champlain College
Professional training center 24-June

Media

Newspapers

Daily

the Platform of Sherbrooke
The Record .

Weekly

the News
Newspaper of Sherbrooke
See - Estrie

Television

Channel 7: CHLT, VAT
Channel 9: CKSH, Radio-Canada
Channel 11: CKMI, Total
Channel 24: CIVS, TV-Quebec
Channel 30: CFKS, TQS
Channel 50: CBMT, CBC

Radio

Stations AM

630: CHLT, news and discussions (also maintaining on FM)
900: CKTS, news and discussions, in English

Stations FM

88.1: CFPP, religious programs
88.3: CFAK (radio coed of the University of Sherbrooke), programs varied
89.7: CBM-FM (CBC Radio operator Two)
88.9: CJMQ (radio coed of the University Bishop), programs varied
90.7: CBFX (Space Music)
91.7: CBME (CBC Radio operator One)
93.7: CFGE (Rate/rhythm FM) success of the hour
95.5: CFLX, Community radio
98.1: CFGE (Rate/rhythm FM) success of the hour (alternative station)
100.3: CIRA-FM (Radio City-Marie), religious programs
101.1: CBF-FM (the First Chain), public affairs and news
102.1: CHLT (see 630 AM)
102.7: ISCED (Radio Rock'n'roll-Relaxation), modern music for adults
104.5: CIGR (Generation Rock'n'roll), dynamic rock'n'roll
106.1: CIMO (Radio Energy), successes contemporary
106.9: CIMO (Radio Energy), successes contemporary (alternative station)

Sports

Sherbrooke accommodated the Jeux of Quebec during the summer 1977 and the summer 1995. It also accommodated the plays of the Canadian royal Légion, association of military veterans, in 2000 and 2001. Sherbrooke also received into 2002 the World Championships Youth of the IAAF in addition to the championships of athletics NACAC in 2004.

The town of Sherbrooke produces the greatest number of sticks of hockey in the world, thanks to the factory Sher-Wood Corp. Ltée. Saint-François de Sherbrooke is a team of hockey of the American Northern league of hockey. Expos de Sherbrooke are a team of the League of baseball senior elite of Québec.l' extreme junior and senior makes also party of the world of the sport has sherbrooke.

Statistical data

Altitude above the sea level: with low the 141 meters of altitude to the Aylmer bridge and its highest point with the Bellevue mount with 360 meters.
Rivières which curves in the landscape: River Magog, River Saint-François and River Massawippi.
Many bridges which cross these same rivers: 15
Many parks and of green areas: 108
Confessionnalités nuns and oecumenical: 13
University campuses: 4 (3 for the University of Sherbrooke and for Bishop' S University).
collegial Campuses: 3 (Cégep de Sherbrooke, College Champlain and Seminar of Sherbrooke).

Personalities of Sherbrooke

Sami Aoun, doctor of philosophy, specialist in the the Middle East * Laurent Beaudoin, chairman of Bomber
Bruno-Marie Béchard, vice-chancellor of the University of Sherbrooke * Jean Besré, actor
Pierre-Marc Bouchard, Joueur of Wild of Minnesota (National league of Hockey)
Aldée Canted, Ancien vice-chancellor of U. of S. of 1985 to 1993
Jean Charest, current Prime Minister for Quebec
Jim Corcoran, Chanteur
Mathieu Dandenault, Joueur of the Canadian of Montreal (National league of Hockey)
Jean-Rene Dufort, scientific journalist and TV host
Garou, singer
Jean-Herman Guay, doctor of political sciences, Université of Sherbrooke
Gilbert Hyatt, founder of the city
Guy Jodoin, actor and stimulating
Pierre-Marc Johnson, former Prime Minister for Quebec
Jean-Pierre Kesteman, doctor of history and professor emeritus, University of Sherbrooke
Louis Lagassé, Business man
Jean-Luc Mongrain, TV host
Frederic Niemeyer, tennis player
Maurice O' Bready, founder of the University of Sherbrooke
France Relative, actress
Jean Perrault, mayor of Sherbrooke and sportsman Québécois
Yanic Perreault, player of the National league of hockey
Maude Perron, actress
Raymond Royer, chairman of Domtar
Jocelyn Thibault, Goalkeeper of the Sabers of Buffalo (National league of Hockey)
Sylvia Tremblay, Miss fitness Canada 1999,2001,2002,2004
Vincent Vallières, singer

Photographs of Sherbrooke

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