Shelter

Antiquity

Old Egypt

Anubis, god of the Egyptian mythology , is often represented taking care on a tomb symbolized by a shelter.

Roman antiquity

In the architecture of the ancient Rome, a shelter ( æedicula ) is a small construction autonomous or illustrated on a building (it is of a gate vault or a Dais composed of a pediment carried by columns), which makes it possible to place a statue there, in particular the divinity protecting the place (temple, house).

the Middle Ages

The Romance planks are sometimes decorated shelters; cathedrals, fortresses, constructions in miniature are still placed in the hand of the carved characters who decorate the Portail S and the higher Galerie S with the medieval churches.

modern Time

At the 18th century, in town planning and art of the gardens, shelter indicates constructions of approval in the parks and public gardens, undoubtedly more closed than the house S and Kiosque S and rather of ancient inspiration.

Contemporary period

Since the 19th century, in town planning, shelter indicates small constructions in urban public space (like the Vespasienne S, of the pillar-shaped billboards, the Kiosque S with journeaux or bandstands, exits or metro entrances covered , shelters, technical volumes). One retouve association with the statues in some, like the fountains Wallace.

In the big cities, the shelters protect the staircases from the bad weather like those of the mouths of the Métro.

Shelters Guimard : famous shelters Art nouveau of Hector Guimard, which decorate many stations of the Parisian Métro. Some have only a entourage comprising the balustrades, the initials and lamps of the subway, etc Three of them have a glazed roof: Dauphine Door, Abbesses and Châtelet (left Holy-Convenient).
With the Quebec: the subway stations of the big cities, especially with the downtown area, often do not have shelters, because of constraints of space and of installation of metro entrances in full pavement. An exception is the Métro of Montreal: taking into account the bad weather of the winter montréalais, one made the decision to arrange almost all the metro entrances in shelters at the edge of the pavements, or in frontages of buildings.

Particular shelters

Shelter of the subway Palais Royal in Paris, Kiosk of the Night birds realized by Jean-Michel Othoniel.
Shelter of glass of the subway station meteor in front of the Station Saint-Lazare in Paris, designed by Jean-Marie Carpenter.

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