Shears

Manual shears

The first three types are most frequently used by the professional tailors.

Shears with drawing blade

It is the shears used by the nurserymen and the Vigne let us rons. It consists of a aciérée blade and an acute counter-blade. It is enough to close the hand to cross.

ergonomic Shears

This type of shears was created in France in collaboration by ergonomists and the agricultural Social insurance system for the professionals of the size. It has as a characteristic to form angles on the level of the handles. The blade and the counter-blade are more tilted to the bottom than on nonergonomic shears. The slope of the head of cut compensates for the vertical break of the wrist. Another angle is formed between the handles and the blade unit/counter-blade (side slope which compensates for the side slope of the wrist), with the result that the whole of cut is directed towards the right-hand side or the left according to whether the shears are for droitier or left-handed person, whereas on nonergonomic shears the blade is in the strict prolongation of the handles. During an intensive use, these shears have the advantage of reducing, of even avoiding, the musculo-skeletal disorders (tendinitises with the wrist and the elbow, tears ligamentaires, syndrome of the carpel tunnel) owing to the fact that the wrist and the arm of the tailor remain right. So that these shears are really ergonomic, the tailor must choose according to the morphology of his hand that which will be best adapted. For that, it is advisable to measure the length of the hand, the end of major to the folding of the wrist, and the width of the palm of the hand. These two measurements make it possible to determine the size of the adequate handles (broad, average or small). It any more but does not remain to choose the head of cut then, i.e. the blades, according to the physical force of the tailor and the type of size carried out (young vines, old vines, young or older trees). There exist three capacities of cut from 15 to 30 mms in diameter. In the box of the shears, the tailor will find three springs of different force, which it will adapt according to his choice.

The ergonomic shears with drawing blade are proposed for droitier or left-handed person. The higher handle can be revolving: at the time of the cut, the handle turns on the palm of the hand (it thus remains well in the hollow of the hand) instead of slipping, which reduces the frictions and heating of the hand.

Shears of force or pruner

It is heavier shears which are held with two hands, a handle in each hand. The more or less long or adjustable handles according to the models make it possible to cut branches of large diameter without using of saw and in height without needing scale.

Shears for gardeners amateurs

There exist shears more particularly intended for the gardeners amateurs. They are the shears with anvil and the ratchet saws.

Shears with anvil

It resembles much the shears with blade drawing except that instead of having an acute counter-blade, it has an anvil punt on which comes to be pressed the blade at the time of the cut. The disadvantage of these shears is that the part of the cut branch which remains on the tree is crushed, which generates a bad cicatrization and consequently cryptogamic diseases.

Ratchet saw

It can be with drawing blade or toothed rack. It has a reduction at the time of the cut. The movement of closing of the hand to cut the branch must be made several times so that there is cut itself. The disadvantage of this system is the repetition of the gesture of closing of the hand, but he does not ask much force to cross by the fact of reduction.

Shears with assistance

They are shears reserved to the very expensive professionals because. They are pneumatic or electric. They resemble of nothing the manual shears. Indeed, the two usual mobile handles are not found.

pneumatic Shears

These shears resemble a large tube (handle) which one holds in a hand with a trigger actuated by the inch or the index to start the process of cut. The blade is driven by a stem which carries out a back and forth pass, when the trigger is actuated, via a piston in the body of the shears (tube/handle). No human physical force is requested to cross since this system functions with the compressed air. The disadvantage lies in the fact that to function the shears need has to be under air pressure uninterrupted, of or the pipe which connects it to an air tank. This pipe with the annoying tendency to get mixed up themselves in the branches and to act as a brake when the pipe to be trailed is a big length.

There exists an about identical but older system. The reserve of air is fixed on the belt of the tailor and is appeared as a nitrogen cartridge. This type of shears was abandoned because the autonomy of a cartridge was weak and presented a certain dangerosity.

electric Shears

The electric shears resemble the pneumatic shears (tube/handle which one holds in a hand, trigger actuated by a finger), except that necessary energy is not pneumatic but electric. The batteries are carried by the tailor, in a broad belt in the bottom of the back on the level of the kidneys or in a kind of waistcoat, and are connected to the shears by an electric wire. These practical and handy shears are increasingly frequent in the orchards and the vineyards. The autonomy of the batteries (12 hours) makes it possible to cut one day whole. They are reloaded in one night on the sector.

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