Shawnee - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

History

After the war

Several hundreds of Shawnees of Missouri left the United States in 1815 and, with some Shawnees of Delaware, established colonies with the Texas, then controlled by the Spain. This tribe, which was named Absentee Shawnee , was again expelled in 1839, whereas Texas had gained its independence three years earlier.

It settled then in Oklahoma, close to current the Shawnee and was joined there in 1845 by Shawnee of Kansas which shared their traditional visions and beliefs.

In 1817, Shawnees of the Ohio signed the Traité of Strong Meigs which envisaged the transfer of their remaining grounds in exchange of three reserves with Wapaughkonetta, Hog Creek (close to Ada) and Lewistown (here with the Sénéca S).

The Missouri joined the Union in 1821 and, after the Traité of Saint-Louis in 1825, them: 1400 Shawnees of Missouri were off-set of Cape-Girardeau in the south-east of the Kansas, close to the river Neosho. In 1833, only the band of Black Bob resisted. They were established in the North-East of Kansas close to Olathe and along the river Kaw close to Shawnee.

Approximately 200 of Shawnees of Ohio followed the Tenskwatawa prophet and joined their brothers and sisters of Kansas in 1826, but the majority followed Black Hoof, which fought all the attempts to give up the fatherland of Ohio. In 1831 the group Sénéca-Shawnee de Lewistown joined the Indian Territoires (current Oklahoma). After the death of Black Hoof, the 400 Shawnees remaining with Wapaughkonetta and Hog Creek give up their ground and move with the Shawnee reserve of Kansas.

During the American Civil War, the clan of Black Bob flees Kansas and joined the Absentee Shawnee in Oklahoma to escape the war. After the American Civil War, Shawnees of Kansas were again expelled and again took refuge in Oklahoma - Shawnees of the old group of Lewistown were called Shawnees Eastern and old Shawnees of Missouri became the Shawnees honest (because of their allegiance to the Union during the war). The last group was regarded as belonging to the nation cherokee by the United States because they were also known like Cherokee Shawnee . Today most of the nation shawnee always resides in Oklahoma.

Tribes

In the beginning Shawnees were divided into five tribes:

Chalahgawtha , more frequently named Chillicothe
Hathawekela
Kispokotha
Mequachake
Pricked

Because of the wars with the the United States of America with XVIIIe and XIXe centuries, this division changed. Today, three tribes are recognized by the Federal government.

Absentee Shawnee , made up mainly of the Hathawekela , the Kispokotha and the Pricked
honest Shawnee Eastern
Shawnee or Cherokee Shawnee , which before belonged to the nation Cherokee.

There is also a Shawnee tribe called which includes/understands approximately 600 people. This group asserts descent of Shawnees survivors of the deportation of the Ohio in 1830. This group is recognized neither by the Bureau of the Indian businesses nor by the three other official tribes. But they were officially recognized by the State of Ohio at the time of the General meeting of 1979. Ctte tribe has grounds in several sites in Ohio, of which the Zane Shawnee Caverns close to Zanesfield.

Shawnees today

There are approximately 14.000 today Shawnee, the majority in Oklahoma although some migrated in Alabama; at least four groups of Shawnees (the Old Town Band , the Blue Creek Band , the Pricked Seven of Shawnee of Ohio and the Shawnee Nation, United Remnant Band ) resident in Ohio.

Personalities shawnees

Tecumseh, the exceptional Shawnee chief and his brother Tenskwatawa tried to unify the Eastern tribes against the extension of the white colonies; to also see the War of Tecumseh. This alliance was broken by the Americans leading to the expulsion of Shawnee of Oklahoma.

Blue Jacket, also known under the name of Weyapiersenwah, was an important predecessor of Tecumseh and a chief in the Indian Guerre of the North-West. Blue Jacket went to the general {{guil|Mad}} Anthony Wayne with the Battle of Fallen Timbers and signed the Traité of Greenville yielding most of Ohio to the United States.

Cornstalk, the most important predecessor of Blue Jacket, carried out Shawnees during the Guerre of Dunmore and tried to preserve their neutrality during the Guerre of independence of the United States.

Black Hoof, also known under the name of Catecahassa, was a respected shawnee chief and one of the adversaries of Tecumseh. He thought that Shawnees were to adapt to the culture of the White if they wanted not to be decimated by ceaseless wars.

External bonds

Shawnee - Joshua Project
History of Shawnee
Indian Mission Shawnee
" Shawnee: genealogy
Treated of Strong Meigs, 1817

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