Sesshō
With the Japan, the title of sesshō (摂政) appoints the regent of a emperor. The prince Shōtoku, in particular, was sesshō during the reign of the empress Suiko.
With the time Heian, Fujiwara No Yoshifusa became the first sesshō not forming part of the imperial family, lasting the minority of his/her small son the emperor Seiwa. Thereafter, the load of sesshō was reserved to the members of the clan Fujiwara, and to the successor of Yoshifusa, Fujiwara No Mototsune created for itself the load of Kampaku , i.e. regent of an adult emperor (i.e. of more than thirteen years), which gave the absolute capacity on the empire to the Régents Fujiwara, until the establishment of the Shogunat de Kamakura.
Starting from 1889, these two titles were again reserved for family members imperial, and since 1947, a sesshō cannot be indicated any more if the emperor is old of more than eighteen years.
References
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