Septmoncel

Septmoncel is a common French, located in the department of the the Jura and the area Franche-Comté.

Geography

Septmoncel is located at 960 m of altitude, to approximately 4 kms as the crow flies in the south-east of the town of Saint-Claude.

History

Towards 500 - In an account on the life of 3 monks of the abbey of Saint Claude (Romain, Lupicin and Oyen), one describes the sector of Septmoncel like:
" A cut of alarming rocks, populated immense forest stags and bear which separated Saint Claude from the plains of the Helvétie and which no road " crossed;. This territory was virgin inhabitants.

Towards 800 - It is the time of the first clearings. The toponyms Lime Berthod, Selmembergs, Manon, testify to these first developments led by dignitaries of the abbey of Saint Claude (Belthodus, Mainberthus and Manon).
Septmoncel during this period and of the following centuries forms integral part of the grounds of Saint Claude known as " large Cellerie " Septmoncelands are then " mainmortables " : the peasant is private faculty to have his goods and to bequeath by will to others that to his direct descendants living under the same roof. This right condemns the families to a perpetual cohabitation and subjects the sector to a strict serfdom.

1245 - the bubble of the pope Innocent IV confirms the privileges of the abbey of Saint Claude and mentions the church of Septem Acervis literally (: Seven Heaps). The parish is immense and extends on the current communes from Septmoncel, Lamoura, Lajoux, Molunes, Prémanon, Russet-red part of the like some territories located currently in Swiss.
The Church is devoted to Saint Etienne.

1324 - the combat, removals of cattle and the fires being ceaseless between the inhabitants of Gex and Septmoncel, Hugard II of Joinville, lord of Gex and the Jean abbot of Roussillon decide to sign a peace treaty to Mijoux.

1343 - a colony from the Dauphine one settles in the area and introduces a spotted blue cheese similar to Sassenage.

1349 - the plague decimates the population of Septmoncel which becomes almost a desert.

Towards 1500 - After a depopulation, the 16th century sees one time of prosperity for the sector. The clearings are encouraged.

1535 - François 1st sends reinforcements to the town of Geneva besieged by the duke of Savoy. A strong army of 600 men beats a retreat in the forest of Frasse, is continued and massacred. This forest took since the name of Forest of the Massacre.

1612 - By the treaty of Auxonne, Valserine becomes the border between the Franche-Comté and France.

1639 - the French troops ordered by Lamotte-Houdancourt devastate the parish and burn Septmoncel and Montépile.

1679 - Treated of Nimègue: The Franche-Comté becomes French.

1682 - Construction of the current church dedicated to Saint-Etienne.

1765 - Birth of the future general of empire, Jean-Joseph Gauthier).

1766 - on February 28th, birth of the future general of empire, Jean-Pierre Gauthier says Leclerc)

1771 - the assembly of the parish decides her adhesion at the request of Christin against the Mainmorte. She gives full powerss to this lawyer, supported by Voltaire, to represent it in lawsuit against the abbot of Saint Claude before the Parliament of Besancon. It will be déboutés of their demand for 1775.

1788 - the community of Darbella (Prémanon) is detached from Septmoncel.

1789 - the community of Molunes is detached in its turn and becomes a commune.
In the night of August 4th, the constituent assembly abolishes the Mainmorte. The last Serfs of the High Jura are freed.

1790 - the priest Ambroise Dalloz refuses to lend oath to the civil constitution of the clergy. He celebrates the worship in particular with the caves of Cressonnières and in a cellar of strong attic on the Ash. Until 1789, refractory priests found refuge in the mountain with the complicity of part of the population.
February 11th, the first mayor of Septmoncel names Jean-Baptiste DURAFFOURG (spelled " Durafourt" on the report of the first General meeting of the Citizens) He is elected with the Suffrage censitaire by 111 vote for 170 voters. This general meeting takes place itself with the church, " after having heard the messe" , under the presidency of the priest Dolard, the Common Room having problems of sealing.

1792 - the council of the municipality names 2 municipal officers to proceed to disarm suspect people. Septmoncelands enlist many in the armies of the Revolution.

1795 - Birth on August 12th of the jurisconsult Desired Dalloz.

1814-1815 - the Austrians invade and make plundering and destruction on the plate. The inhabitants of Septmoncel take refuge with the Balsam of Sarrazins.

1826 - on September 28th, a fire destroys 19 houses of the village.

1838 - Lamoura and Lajoux separate from Septmoncel and become common.

1841 - a hurricane carries 10 houses, reverses 2000 fir trees and wounds 3 people seriously.

1858 - Fine of work of creation of the road of the " laces of Septmoncel " started in 1835. Previously the traffic pedestrians was done by the " way of Grès" (via gradum) or " way of the monks " because these monks borrowed it since the 5th century to go to Geneva, Romainmôtier or with the territorial Abbaye of Saint-Maurice d' Agaune.

ROUSSET in its " Gazetteer " known as, of Septmoncel:
“Village rather badly built, with the irregular streets, narrow, without alignment, not paved or badly paved and whose ground, unequal and rough, resembles, in times of rain, with the bed of a torrent. The houses, built out of stone, are generally composed of a ground floor and a first stage; they all are covered in shingles of fir tree. This and regularity misalignment of the streets which gives to the village an unpleasant aspect, joint the complete absence of spouting out fountains. The cistern of Semi-the-City, established in the middle of the place, forms by its vault a disgracieuse and awkward projection for circulation…”

1903 - Foundation of the electric mutual insurance company of the High Jura by the concise ones and tradesmen of Septmoncel. Albin Lançon played a big role.

1914-1918 - 35 died for France.

1919 - Creation of the co-operative workshops of the concise workmen of Septmoncel who include/understand 150 associated. Two co-operatives of consumption " fraternal the " (reds) and " the Hive " (white) stores at the village of Septmoncel open.

1930 - Construction of the School complex.

June 1940 - First passage of a German column which stations one day and a night without making exactions.

1943 - a maquis is constituted in Eterpets. The supply is ensured by it by the " Frat" (the Fraternal one).

1944 - on June 17th, Leon Mandrillon (chief of the Secret Armed with the High-Jura) and his Julien son is killed by the Germans and their house incendiée.
Roger Mandrillon and an instructor is off-set.

1944 - on June 20th, the Jump of the Dog is dynamited by the " group; Théo".

1966 - Water conveyance with the trade union of Water of the Russet-red ones.

2001 - Inauguration of a new help center.

2002 - Inauguration of Cantou (hearth housing for elderly).

Administration

Note: the intermediate data are still not known!

Name of the inhabitants

Its inhabitants are called Septmoncelands and Septmoncelandes.

Demography

Economy

The saving in Septmoncel is very whole dependant and indissociable size of the fine stones.

With XVIIe and 18th century, the clock industry is dominant industry with Septmoncel. It is abandoned in 1812.

It towards 1735 qu ' one is named Michaud of Thoramy (hamlet of Septmoncel at the time) size " without art some precious stones that Geneva employed in bijoux" It with the idea to work bored stones of a hole being used as horological jewel for the clock industry. It is the beginning of the concise one.

Towards 1770 Gauthier-Clerc and Dalloz-Pipe cleaner will sell their production in Paris.

In 1817, Chevassus-Berche elder introduces the size of topazes and amethysts.

In 1822, Claude Marie David young person introduces in his turn the size of the rubies and emeralds.

In 1858, there are approximately 500 workman (be) concise with Septmoncel. The principal concise merchants at that time are: Emmanuel David-Heel, Victor Benoit-with-the-Guillaume, Auguste Joz-Roland, Xavier Regad, Joseph-Marie Vuillerme and Eléonor Gruet.

Currently, the concise factory Dalloz is principal the Industrie of Septmoncel.

Places and monuments

In the laces of Septmoncel, sinuous Road connecting the village to its sub-prefecture Saint-Claude, is the " Hat of Gendarme". This geological curiosity points out the shape of the hat worn by the gendarme S under the Révolution. It is very spectacular in Hiver with the formation of a Cascade of Glace.

Septmoncel is also the name given to a Fromage local, more known under name Bleu of Gex.

Personalities related to the commune

Desired Dalloz, Lawyer and cofounder of the Publisher Dalloz.

See too

Common of the Jura

Sources

Mr. ROUSSET " Gazetteer, historical and statistics of the communes of the Franche-Comté and the hamlets which in dépendent" * Municipal council of Young people (CMJ) of Septmoncel in “one century History of our village”
Me Benoit-Gonin, former Mayor, in " On the steps of Desired Dalloz" conference in 1995 for the bicentaire of the birth of the jurisconsult

External bonds

Internet site of the village

Septmoncel on the site of the National Geographical Institute
Septmoncel on the site of INSEE
Septmoncel on the site of Quid
Localization of Septmoncel on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Septmoncel on Mapquest

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