Septic tank
The septic tank is one of the components of one of the types of autonomous installation of Assainissement, that which one most frequently meets at the private individuals who are not served by the collective networks of collection (the sewer S), in the rich countries.
It receives, either only the domestic waters valves (), or the whole of the water domestic valves and (Cuisine, washing). One prefers then the name of pit to him all water . The rain water is proscribed there in both cases.
This pit has the aim of hydrolizing (to liquefy) the matters, under the action of the Bactérie S naturally present in the effluents. This work takes several weeks several months of stay for the feces and waste of kitchen, the capacity of the tank must thus be calculated consequently. The useful volume of the pits all water must be at least equal to 3 cubic meters for residences including/understanding to five principal parts and must be increased at least 1 cubic meter per additional part.
Il is recommended that fatty water forwards as a preliminary by a vat grease remover which must be cleaned very regularly (3 to 6 months). The muds accumulated at the bottom of the tank must be drained all the 2 to approximately 4 years. These Boues of clearing out should not be used directly like Fertilisant on food cultures, meadows or meadows, nor stored near water.
The Fermentation producing Gas, a vent must be envisaged. This last must necessarily be gone up in Faîtage of the building and surmounted of a static or wind extractor, this with an aim of generating a syphoning of the gases (Effet Venturi) towards a place where that does not obstruct anybody (the roof of the house). The pit provides only one function of preprocessing; only 30% of carbonaceous pollution are destroyed. The treatment itself generally is ensured by the ground, by means of sliced spreading. That supposes that the pedological characteristics grounds are compatible: sufficient permeable but not too much to avoid a too fast transfer towards the Ground water.
In the contrary case, one must resort to solid masses of Sable (insufficient permeability) or hillocks filter if the tablecloth levels. In the difficult cases, it is necessary to set up more sophisticated installations (bacterial filters for example) which are in fact of mini purification plants.
The forward thrust of water leaving the pit all water in a well is obviously rigorously interdict because of the Pollution. But the rejection with the sewer also (article L. 1331-5 of the public health code), since fermentation having started, it would extend quickly to all the network from cleansing (odors, Corrosion).
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