Septentrional Italian

The septentrional dialects of the Italian are characterized by linguistic features divided by dialectal groups of the north of Italy.

Interested areas

The Romance Linguistique traditional regards them as a component of the language Italian. On the other hand, of the linguists such as Pierre Nozzle, Heinrich Schmid, Geoffrey Hull, Andreas Schorta, deny that straightforwardly. Indeed, the cut marked by the Ligne Massed-Senigallia (called in a less exact way Ligne Spezia-Rimini ), separates the Romance languages in two great groups: the Western Romania (including septentrional Italian) and the Eastern Romania (including Italian central-Southerner). In any case, not of watertight bulkheads between isoglossal which are only approximations using the linguists. The gallo-italic group is at the same time separate other groups of the North-East (Venezia, Trentin, the Friuli, the Tyrol of the South) by a line which passes to the east of Bolzano and by the Eastern coast of the Lake Garda, in the north of Mantoue and of the Po.

According to Pierre Nozzle, Heinrich Schmid, Geoffrey Hull, Andreas Schorta Italian septentrional is a misleading term, because this linguistic system is completely independent of the Italian itself: that is on the other hand denied by the Italian linguists.

If one can speak about many local languages of which it is however far from establishing a grammatical and lexical standard, it is possible to distinguish from the phonetic variations or certain common uses.

Phonetics, lexicon, grammar

For example, the double consonants (geminated) are sometimes reduced to simple consonants (fat' you O, mas' O having the same value of fato , maso ). The S is always sound (as in france " ro' e" between vowels ( rosa , cosa , caso ) and the nasalisation of the followed vowels be of a NR or of a M is very diffused because of the influence of the Celtic substrate. The order of the sentence is closer to French: SVO (subject-verb-object), while the grammatical standard authorizes the free inversion according to the tone: " has put, sei stato? " (" Did you return at home? ") Wants to stress emphatiquement the importance to be returned at home, instead of " sei stato has put? " , but the inversion is much rarer in north. In the North-East, it is frequent to hear an interlocutor answer with good (O nasalized) at the time to be left or introduce a new subject for conversation.

If one could speak about regional alternative, the differences are however also important only they prevent comprehension. The separatist pressures of certain groups created linguistic myths which gained a great popularity among the public without really arriving neither to a true cultural discovery of regional diversities nor to teaching at the school of the enormous inheritance of the dialects or local languages, which in addition contributed obviously to the richness of Italian during the centuries and in particular as of the national unification.

Here the dialectologic classification of these speeches.

  • Gallo-italic or gallo-Italian (substrate Celtic; a frequent error consists in confusing the gallo-italic with all the north-Italian , whereas it of it is only one part):

  • Venetian (Venice, Padoue, Vérone, Thirty)
  • Istriote (southern part of the Istrie, in Croatia), of difficult and discussed classification. One sees it either like a Venetian private individual, or like a dialect distinct from Venetian, or like an intermediate idiom between the Venetian one and the Dalmate.

See too

  • Italien#Dialectes
  • Line Carrara marble-Senigallia

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