Sebastian Münster

Sebastian Münster (born in 1488 with Ingelheim, died in 1552 with Basle) was a humanistic scientist originating in the south of Germany. He was the author of the Cosmographia Universalis .

Münster was a general-purpose scholar: Cartographer, Historian, Astronomer, Mathematician and Hebrew professor of .

Biography

Born in Ingelheim on the the Rhine in 1488. He studies the Art and the Théologie with Heidelberg, of 1503 with 1508, and Tübingen. In 1512, it accepted ordination following its entry in the order of Franciscains. After its meeting with Luther, it converts with the Réforme. Of 1524 with 1527, professor with Heidelberg. In 1528, it leaves to teach theology and Hebrew with the Université of Basle. He worked with many works, of which its most important, and who constitutes his masterpiece the Cosmographia Universalis is printed with Basle for the first time in 1544, and who is also called Beschreibung outward journey Länder in German. In 1550, appears a revised and widened edition, which will lead to many others.

He dies of the plague in 1552.

Its Works

The " Cosmographia Universalis"

The Cosmographia Universalis , one of the first descriptions of the world in German Language. Several editions were printed, of which versions in Latin, French (translated and remelted by François de Belleforest in 1575), in Italian, English and even in Czech. The last publication in German language goes back to 1628, more than 70 years after its death.

The Cosmographia Universalis of Münster was one of most read the works 16th century and one can to probably allot him the second place in term of popularity after the Bible. This success was partly due to excellent the engravings on wood, of which some of Hans Holbein the Young person, the USSR Graf, Hans Rudolph Manuel Deutsch or David Kandel. On the whole more than 120 collaborators took part in this work. The work was at the time a reference in geography and history. Its charts covered " new islands behind Spain until the East towards the country of Indes" (the America and the continent of Asia).

Contents of the editions of 1544-1598

Book I - Astronomy, Mathematical, physical Geography, Cartography

Book II - England, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Savoy, Trier, Italy

Book III - Germany, Alsace, Swiss, Austria, Carniole, Istrie, Bohemian, Moravie, Silesia, Poméranie, Prussia, Livonie

Book IV - Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Valachie, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey

Book V - Minor Asia, Cyprus, Arménie, Palestine, Arabia, Persian, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Scythie, Tartarie, India, Ceylon (today Sri Lanka), Burma, China, India of the East, Madagascar, Zanzibar, America

Book VI - Mauritania, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, South Africa, East Africa

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Date and language from the editions of Cosmography

German 1544,1546,1548,1550,1553,1556,1558,1561,1564,1567,1569,1572,1574,1578,1588,1592,1598,1614,1628

Latin 1550,1552,1554,1559,1572

French 1552,1556,1560,1565,1568,1575

Italy 1558,1575

Czech 1554

Its other works

He worked with the drafting of the Grammatica Chaldaica (Basel, 1527), just as with the Dictionarium Chaldaicum (1527), and with the Dictionarium Trilingue (1530) in Greek Latin, and Hebrew. Also let us mention its Germaniae Descriptio in 1530, its Novus Orbis of 1532, its Mappa Europae of 1536, the Rhaelia of 1538, its editions of Solinus, Mela and Ptolemé in 1538-40. It also worked with a treaty of Horologiographia , in 1531, and on Organum Uranicum into 1536 which treats movements of planets. It also dealt with the Hebrew version of the Bible (2 flights., folio, Basel, 1534-35), just as of its translation in Latin. Into 1540, it translates into Latin, the edition of the Geographia of Ptolémée. It realized finally on the Rudimenta Mathematica in 1551, before producing its principal work of the Cosmographia Universalis .

It would have carried out approximately 142 charts different of areas of the world.

Index of the publications of Sebastian Munster"

The Geographia of Ptolémée

In 1540, it worked with the publication of Latin an edition of the Geographia of Ptolémée which comprised forty charts. This edition will have an influence important on the geography of its time. It carried a challenge to these contemporaries by saying " Here what I know, know you better? ". In 1550, a new edition comprised information on the cities, of the characters and the costumes. These publications were printed in Basle (Basel) at Heinrich $petri, his brother-in-law by alliance.

Ticket of 100 DM

Münster was reproduced on the old German tickets of 100 Deutsche Mark. The cut was replaced at the beginning of the Années 1990.

External bonds

Biography
Site on Sebastien Münster
Site on Sebastien Münster
Description and representation of the hippopotamus in the '' Cosmographie '' of [[Sebastien Münster] (1544)]

Chart of Paris de Sebastian Munster

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