Sea eagle with white tail

The Pygargue with white tail also called large eagle of sea ( Haliaeetus albicilla ) is a Rapace of great scale of accipitridé S.

Description

very corpulent Eagle and of big size, it has a massive silhouette characterized by broad a Envergure and a wedge-shaped short tail. The whole of the plumage is brown dark except the head and the base of the neck slightly clearer. The old birds have the head and the neck white. The adults have the white tail. Half the length of the legs is emplumée. The head is broad and the very massive nozzle. The legs and the nozzle are yellow.

The youthful one is much darker, gradually gaining the adult plumage into 5 or 6 years. The tail and the nozzle are dark, and the tail presents a dark edge strip in the sub-adults, before bleaching.

The sea eagle with white tail is made hear especially during the Nidification, the Parade S and the defense of the Territoire. The male emits powerful cries with the raucous manner of the gulls. The female has a more serious voice. The cry of contact is a series of “krick-rick-rick-rick”, whose Fréquence and Tonalité increase. The cry of alarm “kli-kli-kli” prevents arrival of an intruder on the territory.

Habitat

The sea eagle with white tail is a Espèce related to the aquatic environments (maritime coasts, large rivers, lakes, etc), either inside the grounds, or at the seaside. In the grounds, the sea eagle with white tail likes itself at the edge of the Lac S and of the Fleuve S favourable with the predation, in the Toundra and the Forêt. On the coasts, he attends the rock Falaise S escarpées.

Its surface of distribution extends to the Greenland, the north of the Europe and in Siberia. Apart from the ex-USSR, three countries accommodate a strong population of sea eagles with white tail: Norway, ex- Germany of the East, Poland.

Behavior

Five years are necessary to reach sexual maturity. Particularly discrete bird apart from the period of reproduction. It has almost the same technique of hunting as the other fishing sea eagles or eagles, with the difference which it shows endurance and is able to continue its prey until exhaustion.

In Europe, the sea eagles with white tail adult are in general Sédentaire S. the Scandinavian birds (northern Russia and Lapland) go down towards the south in winter. The old birds rove, but the young people move more and are almost Migrateur S.

The couples remain on their territory at the year. They are plain for the life and reproduce in the same territory each year. In spring, the air parades are held above the territory. The two partners fly to approximately 200 meters of height, close relations one of the other, and carry out figures, piqués and simulate attacks.

The sea eagle with white tail nourishes birds, mammals or fish. It takes especially waterfowl: Goose S, Foulque S, Duck S etc but it is especially fond of delicacies fish. He does not scorn the corpses when these are difficult times and that the need is felt. It drives out, either with the Affût or while flying rather low, or by describing circles in height, in order to locate its preys.

The sea eagle with white tail holds its tended wings flat or slightly arched when it planes. When it slips, they tight forwards, and are rather flattened or arched a little, often with the lowered hand. The flight is heavy, with series of not very deep beats, inserted of slipped courts. In flight, the sea eagle with white tail often recalls the Vautour.

It fishes on calm water which enables him to see fish. When a prey is located, it flies briefly on the spot, just above, then it seizes it during a shaving flight, by quickly projecting its greenhouses in water. There can also remain motionless or patauger on the edge to find fish there. More rarely, it will practice also piqué. When a fish is too heavy, it draws it to bank by beating wings. The birds and the mammals are rather captured by surprise. It exhausts the water birds and their hunting is longer. Its victim plunges to avoid the attack, and it chooses the moment when it goes up to precipitate on it. It is by repeating these attacks which he manages to capture his prey. It captures also birds in flight, Anatidé S or large corbel X. It spends much perched time, without moving, on a tree, or ventures while planing through its territory.

Reproduction

Its Nid, to which it adds branches each year, particularly bulky and is built either at the top of a large tree or safe from an inaccessible cliff. Each couple has some several which is used on several occasions and for one important period.

The sea eagle with white tail builds its nest with a few kilometers of the places of Gagnage, often in skirt of forest or countryside, near water, in old trees centenaries (woodland Pin or Hêtre). According to the area, it can also nest on Récif S or islands with broad and on cliffs.

The female deposits 2 to 3 white eggs, with intervals from 2 to 5 days, thus causing spread out births. The Incubation lasts approximately 35 to 45 days, ensured by the two parents, but especially by the female which permanently supervises the Poussin S during the first fifteen days which follow the birth. At four weeks, they remain alone with the nest, while the adults drive out. They start to fly at the age of two months and half, and remain in the neighborhoods of the nest during two to three weeks. It will take them two more months or to become independent more.

Protection

Even if the European population seems to start a light improvement, the population in the EU does not exceed the 600 couples. Hunting, poisonings, the Pollution of water, the taking away of eggs and chicks as well as the destruction and the disappearance of the wetlands, are the principal dangers which threaten it. Currently, manpower of the sea eagle with white tail are in growth, thanks to the abandonment of the most toxic pollutants, and with its protection in all Europe.

See too

Taxinomic references

External bonds

Sea eagle with white tail - photograph
Sea eagle with white tail Webcam Oostvaardersplassen

Be-X-old: Арлан-белахвост

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