The École of Annals is current a historical founded by Lucien Febvre and Marc Bloch. Thanks to its evolution, Annals will dominate practically all the French Historiographie of the 20th century. It succeeds the historical current of the historical Revue founded in 1876 by Gabriel Monod.

First generation

In 1929, these two historians found the Annales economic and social history , re-examined historical which forsakes the history of the political or military events to be based above all on a more social study. Their approach privileges the long life and seeks to use others Social sciences like auxiliary sciences.

Years 1920 with 1945, the movement taken along by Lucien Febvre and Marc Bloch is radically opposed to the primacy political history, and to the method positivist of Charles-Victor Langlois and Charles Seignobos, and base their work on interrogations of economic order, social or cultural by multiplying the types of sources.

Second generation

Starting from the Release, the heirs to this school are, in particular, Fernand Braudel, Pierre Goubert and Ernest Labrousse which produces a very economic history and more interests still in the long time , which makes it possible to appreciate the evolution of the companies, rather than to the time runs , that of the event, too unstable to be significant. Georges Duby wrote in the foreword of its work " Sunday of Bouvines " that history that him and his/her colleagues historians made " rejected on the margins the event-driven one, felt reluctant with the account, stuck on the contrary to pose, solve problems and, neglecting trepidations of surface, intended to observe in the long one and the lasted average, the evolution of the economy, the company, the civilization." Georges Duby, heir to work of Marc Bloch and Lucien Febvre, belong to the second generation of the school of Annals, and revolutionize the kind by writing Sunday of Bouvines in 1973. It reintroduced there the event in historiography, ideas in rupture with the initial spirit of the Yearly .

Third generation

The school of Annals went up of an economic and demographic history, very productive in the years 1950 and 1960, with a cultural Histoire, in full rise in the years 1970 (Philippe Poirrier, 2004). This last current gave birth in 1978 to the Nouvelle History of Jacques Le Goff and Pierre Nora, without forgetting Philippe Ariès and Michel Vovelle; in the field of archeology one can also quote Jean-Marie Pesez.

Fourth generation

Whereas the history seems to burst in more in addition to disciplines and currents historiographic, the school of Annals tries to answer the racing by the implementation of a critical turning, initiated at the end of the years 1980 by the editorial board of the review.

See too

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