Of Italian origin indicating a composition of character liking or diverting, the scherzo figure then an evolution of the Minuet of which it keeps the structure of two taken again , a trio of one or two recoveries, a da capo without recovery, and often ending in a Coda . The breadth set of themes is generally of sixteen measurements being divided into two equal half-sentences articulated twice four measurements. The minuets and the scherzos are always written with a three-four time, 3/4 generally, evolving sometimes to one 3/8, even one 9/8. The essential difference lies in the manner of taking the pulsation, to beat measurement:

• the minuet, beaten with black generally in a moderated tempo, is a dance at three binary times, a little supported first, the second in echo, the rebounded third;
• the scherzo is taken with measurement, time equal to white pointed becomes ternary; contrary to the waltz which follows a parallel evolution, it is not any more one dance but only a Instrumental music. The trio often changes tonality and sometimes of measurement.

Part with whole share or belonging to a Sonata or a Symphony, it takes the place of the minuet at Haydn (six quartets COp 33 for example) or at Beethoven (the Symphonie S). Generally in third position in the musical Form traditional Sonata, one as well finds it in second movement as for example in the Symphonie n° 9 of Beethoven where it takes monumental proportions.

The term, meaning “joke literally”, appeared at the 17th century in the Italian music. Part of entertainment, enough (even very) fast, it becomes an independent work at Chopin ( Scherzo says the “Infernal Banquet” ), Brahms ( Scherzo for piano) or Stravinski ( fantastic Scherzo , Scherzo with Russian …). Most famous is without any doubt the Symphonic poem of Paul Dukas according to the ballade of Goethe and popularized by Walt Disney in Fantasia: the Sorcerer's apprentice, symphonic scherzo .

The kind is also well developed with the Orgue since one must of many scherzos with organists type-setters. Two more known are the Scherzo of Maurice Duruflé and that of Eugene Gigout, to which one will add those of Jehan Alain, Gabriel Pierné, Georges Jacob, Marcel Dupre, Jean Langlais (Moonlight scherzo), etc

See too

Related articles

• Minuet
• Sonata
• Symphony
• Humoresque

External bonds

• the Scherzo n° 2 of Chopin played by Yundi Li

Simple: Scherzo

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