Scamandre
See also: Xantho
The Scamandre (in old Greek Σκάμανδρος / Skámandros ) is a coastal river of Troade. In the Greek Mythology, it is also the god river personifying it. If the human ones name it Scamandre, the gods indicate it by the name of Xanthe ( Ξάνθος / Xánthos ). Hésiode does of them one decendant of Océan and Théthys. Like the Simoïs, other god-river of Troade, its source is with the mount Ida and runs in the plain of Troy before joining the Hellespont.
Of him are resulting Teucros, Callirrhoé and Strymo which is ancestors of the kings and Trojan heroes. It belongs to the camp of the gods (in company of Apollon, Arès, Artémis, Aphrodite and Léto) who help Troyens to fight the Greeks at the time of the Trojan War. It takes share with the engagements, in particular after Achille massacred many Troyens in its course. The Greek hero is saved of Scamandre only by the intervention of another god, Héphaïstos, which lights a divine fire draining water of the river.
A passage of Iliade speaks about two rivers resulting from Scamandre of which one is hot and the other always fresh. It is by seeking these two courses that Schliemann would have located the hill of Hissarlik and puts at the day the vestiges of the ancient city of Troy.
The current name of Scamandre is Küçük Menderes . This name also is carried by a river lycian mentioned in Iliade under the name of Caÿstros.
Sources
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(III, 12,1-2); (IV, 7-8).
- (v. 969).
- ( passim ).
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