This article gathers the various scales of energy characteristic appearing in the standard model of the Physique and beyond the standard model.

Électrofaible scale of crack

See also: électrofaible Theory

It is the scale, usually noted $m\_\; \{ew\}\; \backslash ,$ to which the électrofaible Symétrie $SU\; (2)\; \backslash \; times\; U\; (1)\; \backslash ,$ is broken spontaneously towards the group $U\; (1)\; \backslash ,$ describing the quantum electrodynamic . With this scale the Boson S W aqcuièrent a mass by the Mécanisme of Higgs. It is about 100 GeV.

Scale of great unification

See also: Large Unified Theory

It is the scale to which constant of coupling of the three microscopic interactions fundamental, namely the electromagnetic Interaction, the weak Interaction, and the strong Interaction becomes appreciably equal. It is conjectured that on this scale, noted $m\_\; \{GUT\}\; \backslash ,$ in the scientific literature, the three forces amalgamate in a single interaction, in a way similar to the mechanism leading to the électrofaible Théorie, described by a Groupe of single gauge. In the absence of experimental data relative to this field of energy there exist several coherent ideal models describing this unification. More the current is the model based on a group $SU\; (5)\; \backslash ,$.

Scale of compactification

See also: dimensional Reduction

In the models with additional Dimensions, this scale fixes the mode in lower part of which the Espace-temps appears to have only 4 Dimension S.

Scale of Planck

See also: Mass of Planck

It is the scale to which the constant of coupling of the Gravitation becomes of the same order as that of the other fundamental interactions. With this scale it is necessary to have a theory of the quantum Gravité to precisely describe fusion between all the interactions. To date the Théorie of the cords is the only theory candidate with the unification of all the forces.

Rung and cable ladder

See also: Tension of the cords

In Theory of the cords, it is the scale of Masse, noted $m\_s\; \backslash ,$, for the quantum states of cords. It is fixed by the Tension of the cords $\backslash \; alpha\; “\backslash ,$ via the relation $m\_s=\; \backslash \; alpha\text{'}^\; \{-\; 1/2\}\; \backslash ,$ and represents the only dimensioned quantity fixed from the beginning in the theory. It is connected in a natural way to the value of the Masse of Planck according to the other constant of coupling of the theory which is, they, fixed in a dynamic way and not by construction as it is the case for $\backslash \; alpha”\; \backslash ,$.