Sault-of-Navailles

Geography

Hydrography

The grounds of the commune are sprinkled by the Luy de Béarn, affluent of the Luy and by its tributaries, the brooks of Cazau, Lesclauze (and its affluents, the brooks Dous Berts, Las Grabes and of Hourquet) and of Benzi.

Localities and hamlets

Communes bordering

Bonnegarde, Marpaps and Castaignos-Souslens in the department of the Moors in north
Labeyrie in the North-East
Beyries and Bassercles (Moors) as Lacadée in the east
Sallespisse in the west
Balansun and Mesplède in the south.

Toponymy

The toponym Sault-with-Navailles appears in the forms Sanctus-Nicolaus de Saltu (1273, registers of Bordeaux), Salt (XIIIe century, collection Duchesne volume CXIV), Saltus and Navalliœ (1305, titles of Béarn), the vesiau of Jump (1321, cartulaire of Orthez), tired baronies of Navalhes and Essaut (1385, notaries of Navarrenx), Jump-with-Nabalhes (1457, notaries of Assat), Jump and Nabalhes (1491, titles of Béarn) and Nostre-Gives of Bournau de Saud (1505, notaries of Garos).

Sault comes from the occitan " saut" who means forest (Latin saltus). The addition of Navailles to the toponym is explained by the marriage at the 13th century of a heiress of Sault with a lord of Navailles (cf Navailles-Angos).

History

Sault-of-Navailles is known for its rather animated past and its history. On order of Gaston Fébus, a tower, classified historic building, is set up on a medieval mound castrale. Indeed, the tower of Sault-of-Navailles is the only vestige of the old feudal castle, for the possession of which Anglo-Gascons and Béarnais fought savagely. Thus, the princes could supervise and watch for the least foreign sign since their turn which overhung Carrère (main street now named Rue of France). Sault-of-Navailles is indeed a castelnau. He is considered as of 995 in castelnau. The castle of Sault, which thus occupies a completely strategic position, was built on a powerful piton which dominates the valley. This village is stretched along Luy de Béarn, it was thus, at this precise place, the old historical border of Gascogne and Béarn.
The borough of Sault-of-Navailles is stretched on more than 800 meters. The road which it cross-piece goes up since the valley where follows the watershed and comes to die in the foot of the castle. The houses settle street on both sides. The church of the borough which is established, as it should be, close to the castle, has a gate in gothic arch dating from XIVe century. Of traditional and rectangular plan, the building ends on a completely ordinary apse; the unit falling under a rather Romance style with some Gothic aspects, in particular the portail.
Paul Raymond note that Sault-of-Navailles was at the beginning of XIIe century the seat of one archidiaconé of the diocese of Dax.
The commune, member of the commandery of Malta of Caubin and Morlaàs, belonged to the subdelegation of Saint-Sever (Landes).

Administration

Intercommunality

The common one belongs to two inter-commune structures:

the Community of communes of the canton of Orthez
departmental trade union of electrification.

Demography

2004: provisional population of INSEE.

Economy

The activity is turned primarily towards agriculture (breeding, mixed-farming, vine growing).

Culture and inheritance

Civil inheritance

Old castle of Sault.
Castle of Vines.

Religious heritage

The commune is a stage on the Via Lemovicensis (or way limousine or way of Vézelay ), Latin name of one of the four ways of France of the Pèlerinage of Saint-Jacques-to-Compostelle.

Parish church of the Assumption-of-the-Happy-Virgin-Marie.

Environmental inheritance

Equipment

The commune has of a public elementary school and a private elementary school.

Personalities related to the commune

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