Sargon II
See also: Sargon
Sargon II or Sharroukin is king of Assyrie of 722 until in 705 (front J.C.), year of its death. He is the brother and the successor of Salmanazar V. Lastly, he is the founder of the dynasty of the Sargonides. Its name, Sharru-kīn , mean " the king (is) stable/fidèle" , rather than " King légitime" as one tends to say it.
Conquests
Its accession with the throne is disputed by Merodach-baladan II: it took him twelve years to subdue this rebellion.
It annexes the kingdom of Israel and off-sets its population. It crushes the rebellion of the Syrian provinces (Arpad, Damas, Hamath), which are supported by the Egypt, in Qarqar and Raphia. In 717, it deposits the king hittite Karkemish: the city becomes an Assyrian colony.
An important campaign against the Urartu is launched in 714, the Eighth countryside of Sargon II: Sargon wrote of it a detailed account which is currently preserved at the Louvre. The archeologists also discovered several hundreds of mails dealing with the preparation of this war. Finally, the fortresses urartéennes are not taken: the troops of Sargon leave the country for the winter, putting fine at the countryside. However, the invasion their made it possible to accumulate enormous spoils.
The Cilicie is the following stage of the Assyrian troops, in 713: its conquest makes it possible Sargon to extend its kingdom until the Halys. It represses, in 711, the rising organized by Egypt of the kingdoms of Philistie: Ashdod, Juda, Moab and Edom. Gath and both Ashdod are annexed to the Assyrian empire.
The year according to, the Babylonians accommodate Sargon as a liberator: he becomes king of Babylon by taking the Main of Beautiful.
The border with the Élam is reinforced and the Phrygie, the Dilmun and Cyprus lend allegiance to him.
Sargon dies in shift in the Monts Taurus.
The organization of the kingdom
Sargon improves the administration and the institutions of the kingdom inherited Téglath-Phalasar III. It off-sets the overcome enemies and installs Assyrian communities in the conquered provinces.
Agriculture also progresses under its reign, thanks to important technical projections (systems of irrigation, construction of tanks and channels).
The trade develops thanks to the new conquered markets.
Sargon builds the library of Ninive and founds its capital Hard-Sharrukin (modern locality of Khorsabad) in 717.
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