Saqqarah

Saqqarah (or Saqqara or Sakkarah) is a vast necropolis of the area of Memphis. She knew an uninterrupted occupation throughout the history of the ancient Egypt.

As of the first dynasties the kings made there build to them Mastaba and it is there that the first pyramid was built by Imhotep, the architect of Djéser () towards -2600. It is agreed to say that it is the first stone building which Egypt knew. Vast enclosure locking up of the courses and counterparts of temples of the time leave us a priceless petrified testimony of the sanctuaries of the first times.

Necropolis royal under the Ancient Empire, the site developed around the royal pyramids of and many S. Mastaba of this time reached us containing reliefs of a perfect quality describing the daily life of ancient Egypt.

With the Average Empire, with the distance of Pharaon and his court, initially with Thèbes then in the Fayoum, the necropolis was somewhat forsaken.

Under the New Empire, with the revival of the town of Memphis during and S Egyptian women, the noble ones and courtiers were again made bury in Saqqarah, in tombs surmounted by true funerary temple-vaults.

One of most famous is that which Horemheb had been made build before even as it is crowned Pharaon. The reliefs of this vault represent it in general equipped with the royal Uræus, thus indicating its future out of the commun run.

It is as in Saqqarah as one finds the tombs of the crowned bulls Apis whose worship was returned to Memphis. Inaugurated with, the Sérapéum developed especially under the ramessides. The son of Ramsès {{II}}, Khâemouaset, large priest of Ptah, passed with the posterity by legends describing it as large magician, left steles and inscriptions reporting the restoration of the tombs of Apis as well as the inauguration of the large catacomb which then did not cease increasing to accommodate the momifiées skins of the crowned bulls. Died before his/her father, Khâemouaset was buried in the Sérapéum.

Then with the Low time a sanctuary was built and became one of the centers of pilgrimage of most important at the end of the Egyptian history under the Ptolémées then under the Roman Emperors. Thus an avenue bordered of sphinx led to the temple devoted to Apis (disappeared today) to which one reached by a Dromos crossing a Hémicycle hellenistic architecture sheltering of the statues of the principal philosophers and thinkers of antiquity.

Other sanctuaries dedicated to Anubis and Bastet were built beside catacombs locking up in interminable galleries quantities of animal, pilot mummies of popular enthusiasm for the worships of crowned animals.

Europeans and the Egyptians who continue to excavate the ground of Saqqarah discover many tombs hitherto ignored. A fresco representing the squaring of an ox was found in the burial of noble of the Ancient Empire. In the time of the Pharaons, the Egyptians wanted to believe in the immortality of the human person. To walk on in beyond, this one was to find the daily images of the life and, in particular, the representations of food.

Monuments of Saqqarah

Pertaining to worship temples and centers

Royal funerary complexes of the Ancient Empire

Northern Saqqarah

  • Mastaba of, of which:

    • Horus Adjib
    • Horus Den (Oudimou)
    • Horus Aha
    • Horus Djer
    • Horus Merneith
    • Horus Djet
    • Horus Qaâ

Saqqarah “centers”

  • :

    • Complex funerary of funerary Djéser
    • Complex of Sekhemkhet
  • :
  • :
    • Complex funerary of Téti

Southern Saqqarah

Principal mastaba and tombs the noble ones

  • Mastaba of, and in northern Saqqarah of which those of Sabu, Hésyré, Khabaousokar and Ruaben.

Ancient Empire

  • :

    • Mastaba de Pehernefer
    • Mastaba de Méry
    • Mastaba de Tchenty
    • Mastaba of Ptahchepsès {{Ier}}
    • Mastaba of Ranefer
  • :
    • Mastaba de Nebet
    • Mastaba de Khennout
    • Mastaba of Ti
    • Mastaba de Mehou
    • Mastaba of Ptahhotep and Akhet-hotep
    • Mastaba d' Iroukaptah
    • Mastaba of Kanefer
    • Mastaba of Khouiptah
    • Mastaba of Ptahchepsès {{II}}
    • Mastaba de Nefer and Kahai
    • Mastaba of Khnoumhotep and Niânkhkhnoum
    • Mastaba d' Akhethétep
    • Mastaba d' Ounas-Ankh
    • Mastaba de Kaï
    • Mastaba de Neferkhouou
    • Mastaba de Nimaâtsed
    • Mastaba de Ak and Hetephernefret
    • Mastaba of Sabu Ibébi
  • :

New Empire

  • :

    • Tomb of Horemheb
    • Tomb of Maïa
    • Tomb of Meryptah
    • Tomb of Aper-el, Taouret and their son Houy
    • Tomb of Merymery
    • Tomb of Merirê and Baketamon
    • Tomb of Mery-Sekhmet and Iouy
    • Tomb of Seth
    • Tomb of Amenemouia and Thoutmès
    • Tomb of Ptahmès wire of Menkhéper
    • Tomb of Ptahmès wire of Thoutmôsis
    • Tomb of Maya & Mérit
    • Tomb of Paatenemheb
  • :
    • Tomb of Tia
    • Tomb of Netjerouymès
    • Tomb of Néferrenpet
    • Tomb of Ptahmès
    • Tomb of Raïa
    • Tomb of Iouty
    • Tomb of Hormin

Low Time

  • :

    • Tomb with puit of Amon-Tefnakht
    • Tomb with puit of Hor-Néferibrê-Emakhet
    • Tomb with puit of Néferibrê-its-Neith
    • Tomb with puit of Ouahibrê-Men
  • :
    • Tomb with puit of Psammétique
    • Tomb with puit of Tjanehib

Museum of Saqqarah

Wanted by Jean-Philippe Lauer, it was inaugurated in 2006.

See too

Bonds internal

  • French archaeological Mission in Saqqarah

External bonds

  • the mastaba of Akhethétep with Saqqarah

  • Photographs of Saqqarah

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