Sandro Pertini

Alessandro (Sandro) Pertini (born the September 25th 1896 with Stella San Giovanni, in Ligurie - died the February 4th 1990 with Rome) is a Politician, lawyer and Journaliste Italy N, gold medal of the military value, money medal of the military value, seventh president of the Italian Republic of 1978 with 1985.

Member of the Italian Socialist party, it is, at the time of the seizure of power by the Fascisme, one of the most enthusiastic opponents to the mode and for this reason it is condemned by the special court for the safety of the State initially to relegation then to the imprisonment, it spends one long period of exile to France. With resulting from the fall of the mode founded by Benito Mussolini it becomes one of the members of foreground of the Italian Résistance and member of the Comité of national release.

In republican Italy, he elected is appointed with assembled constituent, assuming by twice consecutive, of June 5th 1968 at May 25th 1976, the load of President of the House of Commons then he is elected, on July 8th, 1978, President of the Republic. He is considered, unanimously, as the most popular President of the republican history.

For me the freedom and the social justice, which are the objectives of socialism, constitute an indissociable binomial, it cannot have freedom without social justice there, as there cannot be social justice without liberté.
Ainsi, so to me socialist, one offered the realization of the most radical reform to me in social matter while depriving to me of freedom, I would refuse it Here how I am socialist | interview

Biography

Youth

It is born in an easy family made up of four children: the Luigi groin, painter; the Marion sister, who marries an Italian diplomat; Giuseppe, officer of career and Eugenio, off-set and tragically disappeared in the Concentration camp from Flossenbürg the April 25th 1945. The Alberto father is a landowner.

Pertini, very related to his/her mother Maria Muzio, makes her first studies with the college of the salésiens " Gift Bosco " of Varazze, then it enters to the college " Gabriello Chiabrera " of Soaps, where it have as professor of philosophy Adelchi Baratono, socialist reformist and collaborator of the Critica Sociale of Filippo Turati, which the fact of approaching to the Socialisme and the medium of the labor movements ligure. It is registered with the Université of Genoa where it obtains a diploma in Droit.

In 1917, the Pertini young person is called as second lieutenant and envoy on the face of Isonzo and it is characterized by a heroic series of acts, it is decorated with the money medal of the military value to have to carry out, in August 1917, an attack on the Jelenik mount, at the time of the Bataille of Bainsizza. After the war, it did not accept its decoration, the fascistic mode by refusing to him the merit because of its socialist activity.

In 1918 Sandro Pertini starts to militate with the Italian Socialist party. It settles with Florence, host of its Luigi brother, and it is registered at the Academic institute " Cesare Alfieri di Sostegno " receiving in 1924 its second title in political science, with a thesis having for title the Co-operation ( Cooperazione ). To Florence, Pertini comes into contact with the mediums of the Interventionnisme democratic and socialist near to Gaetano Salvemini, the brothers Nello Rosselli and Carlo Rosselli and to Ernesto Rossi, it is at this period that it adheres to the movement opposition to Fascism " Italy Libre" (" Italia Libera").

Antifascism

The first judgment

Hostile as of the beginning with the fascistic mode , it is registered with the PSU after the assassination of the deputy Giacomo Matteotti. Because of its political activity, it is often the object of aggression of the squadrists and the May 22nd 1925 it is stopped to have distributed a clandestine opuscule printed to its expenses under " Under the barbarian domination fasciste" ( Sotto it barbaro dominio fascista ) and in which he denounces the responsibility for monarchy towards the introduction of the fascistic mode, violences of Fascism and the distrust with regard to the work of the Senate, composed as a majority of filofascists, called to judge within the High Court of justice possible complicities of the general Emilio De Bono concerning the Matteotti business.

He is shown of “instigation to hatred between the social classes” according to article 120 of the Code Zanardelli, of offense of clandestine printing works, insult with the senate and injures prerogative of the irresponsibility of the king for acts of the government. Pertini, during the interrogation carried out by the prosecutor of the king and at the time of the public sitting, asserts its action assuming the whole responsibility and saying itself ready to continue the fight antifascist in favor of socialism and freedom, some is the judgment.

The June 3rd 1925, it is condemned to eight month of detention and a fine for the various offenses. The judgment does not slow down its activity which it hardly takes again released.

In November 1926, after the failure of the attack of Anteo Zamboni against Mussolini, like much of other antifascists, it is the object of new violences on behalf of the fascists, and it is constrained to leave Savone to return to Milan. The December 4th 1926, with the proclamation of the exceptional laws against the antifascists, Pertini is sent in relegation during five years, the maximum of the sorrow envisaged by the law, in the prison of small the island of Santo Stefano.

The exile and the clandestine period

The December 12th 1926, to avoid the capture, it leaves Milan and expatriate in France with Filippo Turati and the assistance of Carlo Rosselli and Adriano Olivetti. After having spent a few months with Paris, it is established definitively with Nice and he becomes a member of first order of exiled, carrying out an intense propaganda against the fascistic mode through writings and of conferences.

In April 1926, it installs in its residence of Nice a clandestine radio station in order to maintain a bond with his/her companions in Italy and to be able to communicate and receive news. The French police force discovers it and he is condemned to one month of reclusion, pains suspended with the conditional one after payment of a fine.

The French exile finishes in March 1929, it leaves Nice with a false passport in the name of Roncaglia Luigi, it passes the border to the station of Chiasso the March 26th 1929 and returns to Italy.

The capture and the prison

The April 14th 1929 with Pisa, course Vittorio Emanuele, the current course Italia, it is recognized and stopped. The November 30th 1929 it is condemned by the Special court for the safety of the State to 10 years and 9 months of reclusion and to 3 years of special monitoring. During the lawsuit, Pertini refuses to be defended, conscious owing to the fact that it is vis-a-vis a court with the pay of the mode, and thus it exhorts the court to be passed directly to the judgment already envisaged. During the advertisement of the sentence, it rises and shouts: “With bottom Fascism! Live Socialism!”.

It is locked up in the island of Santo Stefano, but after almost two years of detention, the December 10th 1930, it is transferred, because of its health condition in the prison of Turi where it divides its cell with Athos LISA and Giovanni Lai. In Turi, he is the only imprisoned Socialist, he becomes acquainted with Antonio Gramsci, with which creates for itself a great friendship and a mutual admiration made stronger by the sufferings endured during the reclusion; they become one for the other confidant, friend and support.

In 1932, it is transferred to the sanatorium legal from Pianosa but in spite of the care, its health does not improve, so much so that his/her mother a request of thanks to the authorities presents. Pertini, not recognizing the fascistic authority and thus the court which condemned it, pushes back the request for grace with words very hard, as well towards his/her mother as for the president of the special court.

Why mom, why? Here in did the cell in hiding-place I cry of the tears of bitterness and shame - which surprised failure you ace so that you board which been able to carry out such an act of weakness? And I feel humiliated with the thought that you, only even for a moment, you board which been able to suppose that me I could abjure my political faith in order to find my freedom. You, who me ace always included/understood and which stays proud of me, how ace you which been able to think that? You suddenly moved away from me at the point not to more hear the love which I have for my ideas? |Letter with his/her mother 1933

The September 10th 1935 it is transferred to Ponza as political prisoner and the September 20th 1940 it is sent in prison for five other years that it passes between Ponza and Ventotene where it meets Altiero Spinelli and Ernesto Rossi.

Resistance

the return to freedom and the fight

It finds freedom only the August 7th 1943 to take again the fight antifascist immediately, while taking part in Rome, the September 8th, with the engagements against German with Porte San Paolo, with Luigi Longo, Emilio Lussu and Giuliano Vassalli.

Ugo Malfa, it is valiant opposing to the turning Salerno. -->

It is captured with Giuseppe Saragat by the S and they are condemned to died for their activity of resistant but the sentence does not have time to be carried out thanks to the intervention of a group of resistant of the Action groups patriotic (GAP), which it January 24th 1944, their escape allows whereas they are interned in the prison of Regina Coeli. Pertini goes to Milan to take an active part in resistance like member of CLNAI and with the intention to reorganize the socialist party.

In July 1944, with the release of Rome, it is called by Nenni which has just returned in the capital. The orders are to contact, with Genoa, the monarchist Edgardo Sogno who must put it in contact with the allies in order to make it enter to Rome by a flight since the Corsica . The situation becomes complicated, arrived at Genoa, it does not find the means of joining Corsica. Pertini which has contacts with the resistant ones of Spezia, share with the intention to find in the ligure city the means adapted for their voyage, which it does but return to Genoa, it learns that Sogno found a motor boat and that it left with other people for Corsica. Pertini is found abandoned in an occupied territory. It decides to set out again for Spezia to seek to join the capital and it obtains one leave-to pass for Prato, from there it arrives at foot at Florence.

At Florence, it is put in liaison with the professor Gaetano Pieraccini who finds a hiding-place via Ghibellina to him. The August 11th, it takes part in the engagements for the release of the city by organizing the action of the socialist party and the publication of the first pullings of the Avanti!.

The return to north and release of Milan

Arrived at Rome, it understands that its presence is useless and it expresses the intention to turn over in the north of which he is the secretary of the socialist party for all occupied Italy and representing party within Comité of Release of Italy of North.

It receives false documents, a driving license in the name of Nicola Durano, and with a flight, it is transferred from Naples towards Lyon then Dijon. Once arrived at Chamonix, it comes into contact with the French resistance, the road of the return to Italy passes by the Mont Blanc which it carries out with Cerilo Spinelli, the brother of Altiero, then they undertake the crossing of the Mer of Ice and finally they contact the resistance of the Val of Aoste, thanks to the assistance of the ski champion Emile Allais. Arrived at Aoste then at Ivrea, they avoid the patrols and the stoppings of German and they arrive at Turin.

In April 1945 Perini is with Leo Valiani and Luigi Longo among the organizers of the insurrection of Milan and Wednesday April 25th 1945 it proclaims with the radio the insurrectionary general strike of the Milanese city:

Workers! General strike against the German occupation, the fascistic war, for the safeguard of our ground, our factories. As in Genoa and Turin, put German vis-a-vis the dilemma: you to return or perish |

Few front days, near the archbishop's palace of Milan, it meet for the first time Benito Mussolini:

he descended the staircases, me I assembled them. It was émacié, the livid face, destroyed| In Milan and Turin in the insurrectionary blaze , Avanti! , May 6th, 1945

Same the April 25th, the Committee of National Release of Italy of North meets in the college of Salésiens, via Copernico with Milan. The executive chaired by Luigi Longo, Emilio Sereni, Sandro Pertini and Leo Valiani, issues following the failure of the attempt at mediation of the cardinal Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, the death sentence of Mussolini.

Following the events which led to dead of the dictator, Pertini written in the columns of the Avanti! :

Mussolini behaved as a coward, without a word of pride. Presenting the insurrection, he had addressed himself to the cardinal archbishop of Milan, asking him to be able to withdraw itself in Valtellina with three thousand as of his. With the partisans who stopped it, it offered an empire to them which it did not have. Still at the last time, he begged to have the safe life to speak with the radio and to denounce Hitler which according to him had betrayed nine times| In Milan and Turin in the insurrectionary blaze , Avanti! , May 6th, 1945

According to Pertini, the emotions tested during the release are an experiment which confirms its idea in the “capacity of the Italian people to carry out the largest things for little that they are animated of the breath of freedom and socialism”.

Whereas the April 25th it takes part in the festival of the release, his/her Eugenio brother, is assassinated in the Concentration camp Nazi of Flossenbürg.

The June 8th 1946 it marries the journalist and resistant Carla Voltolina of which it made knowledge during the release of Milan.

The republican political career

after war

In April 1945 Pertini becomes secretary of PSIUP, load which it occupies until August 1946.

During the XXV Congress of the Socialist party of proletarian unit, which is held with Rome between the 9 and the January 13rd 1947, Pertini is spent to avoid the scission with the wing démocratico-reformist of Giuseppe Saragat. During days, it puts at the center arguments to try a mediation between the two currents but in spite of its efforts “the force of the things”, as Pietro Nenni defines it, causes the scission between Socialists, known under the name of Scission of the palate Barberini, from where the birth of the Socialist party of the Italian Workers.

Although it is in favor of the unit of the movement of the workers, but since always enthusiastic defender of socialist autonomy taking into consideration Italian Communist party, it is opposed within the Italian Socialist party, with the constitution of the popular democratic Front for the elections of 1948, its motion is minority.

He is elected with the constituent Assembly on the socialist list and he takes part in the drafting of the articles of Title I which relate to the civil reports/ratios. He is opposed to the Amnistie towards the political offenses made by the persons in charge of the fascistic crimes and at the assembly, he intervenes the July 22nd 1946 by a question near the Minister for the Grace and Justice Fausto Gullo.

The interrogation relates to the motivations of the generous interpretation of measurements of amnesty, on the non-accomplishment of the government of De Gasperi in the application of the decree in favor of the return of the workers antifascists distant from their work for political reasons.

Its political action during this period aims at the social reforms necessary for to the restarting of the country devastated by the fascistic experiment and the tragedy of the war, but especially the elimination of the overflows of injustices of the mode mussolinien.

During the legislature, it is named senator of the Republic and he becomes the president of the socialist group to the Sénat. The March 27th 1949, during the 583ième meeting of the Senate, Pertini, for the account of its party, votes against adhesion with the Atlantic Pacte, because he judges it like an instrument of war, more anti-Soviet and with the intention to divide Europe. It underlines the way in which the Atlantic Pact will influence the Italian policy with negative consequences for the working class. With this meeting, it defends the pacifist position of the socialist group, expressing solidarity towards the communist companions - objective truths, with its dires of the Atlantic Pact - and conclusive with the following words:

Today we intended to shout " Live Italie" when you put the question of the independence of the Fatherland. But I do not know how much those which today pushes this cry, would be ready tomorrow really to take the weapons to defend the Fatherland. Many of those did not know to take them against the Nazis. The peasants and the workmen took them, and they were made kill for the independence of the Fatherland|Parliamentary legal instruments. legislature, Senate. Vol. V: Discussions 1948-49

He is successively re-elected with the House of Commons in 1953, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1972 and in 1976, in the colleges of Genoa - Imperia - Spezia - Savone, then he becomes president of the Parliamentary commission of the Businesses Interiors then of that of the Constitutional deals, and in 1963 vice-president of the House of Commons.

He is among the politicians who denounce publicly and with indignation that the congress of the Italian Social movement can be held in the town of Genoa and July 1960, he denounces with the Room violences of the police force towards the demonstrators in the ligure place chief that in the other towns of Italy. A few days after, the disorders lead to the tragedy massacres Reggio of Emilie.

Politiquent, it is among those which do not support to it center-left because, through this agreement, the Communists would have been marginalized, putting an end to collaboration between the two principal parties of left.

In spring 1978, during the removal of Aldo Moro, Pertini, unlike the majority of the direction of the socialist party, supports the “line of firmness” towards the kidnappers, refusing all negotiations with the Red Brigades.

During 5th and 6th legislature, it occupies the president's function of the House of Commons.

Presidency of the Republic

The election of the seventh president of the Republic begins the June 29th 1978 following the resignation from Giovanni Leone. During the first three polls, the Christian Democrat (cd.) chooses Guido Gonella and the Italian Communist party (NCV) vote for its candidate Giorgio Amendola, whereas the wing socialist member of Parliament concentrates his votes on Pietro Nenni. Until the 13th poll, the NCV maintains the candidature of Amendola and the PSI proposes Francesco De Martino, without finding consensus, but to the 16th poll, the July 8th 1978, the convergence of the three political parties goes on the name of Pertini, which is elected president of the Italian Republic with 832 votes out of 995, and today still it is the largest majority obtained with a presidential election of the Italian history.

Its election is immediately a sign of change for the country, thanks to its charisma and with its image of hero, combatant antifascist and founding father of the republic. The declaration of Indro Montanelli is emblematic:

It is not necessary to be socialist to like Pertini. No matter what he says or makes, odor of cleanliness, honesty and safety|

In its speech of establishment Pertini pays homage to his/her companion of cell and friendly Antonio Gramsci, and it underlines the need for putting an end to terrorist violences pointing out to it tragic disappearance of Aldo Moro.

The image of the presidency

During its presence with the Palate of Quirinal, it contributes to the fusion of the image of the President of the Republic with the population and thanks to its moral stature, it allows the bringing together of the citizens with the institutions in difficult moments sullied with punishable events like those of the Années of lead.

Following the earthquake of the November 23rd 1980 with Irpinia, the expression “Made quickly” (“Fate presto”) remains in the memory of all like the call to the help vis-a-vis the tragedy of the victims, phrases which is published the next day in the daily newspaper It Mattino on nine columns.

After its visit with Irpinia, the November 26th, few days after the tragedy, it publicly denounces the impotence and the inefficiency of the helps of the State in a televised speech in which it underlines the insufficiency of the means as regards protection of the territory and intervention in the event of calamity and it denounces the sector of the State which speculated in misfortune at the time of the earthquake of Belice.

In its quality of president of the Republic, it names five senators with life: the politician and historian Leo Valiani, the actor Eduardo De Filippo, the policy and resistant Camilla Ravera (first woman to receive this nomination), literary critic and vice-chancellor Carlo Bo and the philosopher Norberto Bobbio. With these nominations, the senators with life are with the number of Sept. According to the interpretation of Pertini, article 59 of the Constitution does not envisage a limitation with five senators who can sit at the Parliament but allows each President of the Republic to name some up to five. Such a decision is not disputed, can be because of the quality of the senators and can be even more because of the great popularity whose Pertini profits and its successor Francesco Cossiga will follow same interpretation.

Its image is related on the merry events of the history of the Italy, but also to the moments of sufferings. One remembers his joy in the stage of Madrid at the time of the victory to the Football world cup of 1982 and how he wanted to be present at the time of the attempts at rescue of Alfredino Rampi, a six year old child of Vermicino fallen into a puit in 1981. It introduces the rite of the " to kiss with the drapeau" tricolor which will become of rule for its successors.

Pertini present at the time of died of Enrico Berlinguer, it leaves Rome by a presidential flight to be able to escort the coffin until in the capital. During funerals places Saint Giovanni, Nilde Iotti, since the platform of the authorities, thanks publicly Pertini, causing one moving applause.

It takes part moved in the funeral by the Egyptian president Anouar el-Sadate, going behind the coffin in the middle of crowd all along the course of the funerary convoy and evoking it at the time of its speech of the end of the year 1981:

We are worried, we attended the funeral of President Sadat assassinated by fanatics. It worked for the peace of its country with Israel and the Arab World. And well, we witnessed this funeral, we assisted you with a filled up heart of anguish. In fact situations all concern us, they cannot be circumscribed with the people and with the Nations where they are held, they relate to each one of us, each man which likes freedom and each man who has in heart freedom|Message of end of the year to the Italians, Palate of Quirinal December 31st 1981

Positions against organized criminality

It is intransigent towards organized criminality denouncing “the harmful activity against the humanity” of the Mafia and always inviting not to confuse the criminal phenomena of the Maffia, the Camorra and the 'Ndrangheta with the places and the populations where they are present.

In the speech of end of the year 1982, it speaks expressly about the gangster problem by pointing out Pio Torre and the general Carlo Alberto Dalla Chiesa:

There are other evils which torment the Italian people: will camorra and the Maffia. What is train occurring in Sicily really horrifies us. There are deaths almost the every day. It is necessary to pay attention to what occurs in Sicily and in Calabria and with will camorra in Naples. Attention should be paid not to confuse the sicilian people, the Calabrian people and the Neapolitan people with will camorra or the Maffia. The gangsters are a minority and the camorrists in Naples are also a minorité
Ceci of it is the proof: when Pio Torre was assassinated, any Palermo was around the coffin. When the general Dalla Chiesa was assassinated, with his soft wife, who came more time to meet me in this office, any Parlerme was tightened around the two coffins for protester
QDonc the sicilian people, the Calabrian people and the Neapolitan people are against will camorra and the Maffia|Message of end of the year to the Italians, Palate of Quirinal December 31st 1982

In 1983, Sandro Pertini dissolves the municipal council of Limbadi in the province of Vibo Valentia because Francesco Mancuso, chief of homonym gangster family is elected and it reconsiders the topic related to the criminality organized in its speech of the end of the year 1983.

Socialist government

The presidency of Pertini supports the access of the first secretary of the Italian socialist party to the head of the government, indeed in 1983, it entrusts the responsibility of form the government with Bettino Craxi. During two years and for the first time, the president of the Republic and the president of the Council of Ministers are socialist. Pertini has, with Craxi, of the mitigated reports/ratios due primarily to their temperaments and their different formations. Pertini often does not divide the political acts of Craxi as at the time of the XLIII Congrès to Vérone, the May 15th 1984, where Bettino Craxi is elected secretary by acclamation rather than by the usual vote. The relationship between the two politicians remains cordial and respectful even if they do not like. Antonio Ghirelli, then carries word in Quirinal, reports that the day of the taking of of the President of the Council, Pertini notes that Craxi had been presented to Quirinal in Jeans , it intimates the order to him to return with clothing of circumstance.

During its mandate, it dissolves by twice the Parliament, causing elections in 1979 which give rise to the VIII legislature and the elections of 1983 which give rise to the IX legislature. He entrusts the responsibility of form the government with (by chronological order) Giulio Andreotti, Francesco Cossiga by twice, Arnaldo Forlani, Giovanni Spadolini by twice, Amintore Fanfani and Bettino Craxi and he names Virgilio Andrioli, Giuseppe Ferrari and Giovanni Conso constitutional judges.

Popularity

Its constant presence in the public life, during the crucial moments of the Italian history of its seven years, is at the origin of its great popularity. For much, he is regarded as it President more loved Italians, for his love towards the Part, his charisma, his irony, the love towards the children for whom he showed much attention at the time of the school visits in Quirinal and to have initiated a novel mode of relationship with the citizens, with a frank style, direct and friendly (“very expensive friends” or “not to put not only relevant but such impertinent questions: me, I call it Pertini… ”). The sincerity and the pragmatism of Pertini appear constantly in its political action and institutional, refusing the compromises and imposing themselves with its great moral rigor. Its personality is impregnated principles which inspired the democracy parliamentary and republican, born from the experiment of resistance, he always refused the fascistic thought and all the ideologies which do not recognize the freedom of the man:

Fascism is the antithesis of the political faith, because it oppresses all those which think differently|Center Exposure Sandro Pertini, interview

Senator with life

The June 29th 1985, few days before the end of its mandate, it resigns in order to facilitate the procedure of the election of its successor. It becomes, like its predecessors and as that is envisaged by the constitution, Senator with life. The single official load that it takes is the presidency of foundation of historical studies " Filippo Turati ", created in Florence in 1985 with the objective to preserve the documentary inheritance of Italian socialism.

For and after the presidential period, it did not renew its adhesion with the Italian Socialist party thus remaining with the tops them left without disavowing for as much its socialist convictions.

The night of the February 24th 1990, at the 93 years age, it dies out with Rome in its residence, an attic vis-a-vis the Fontaine of Trevi.

Foundation Sandro Pertini

The Fondation Sandro Pertini was created the September 23rd 2002, with Florence, on the initiative of the woman of president Carla Voltolina.

The signature of the public act of creation was held at the time of the ceremony in the amphitheater of the faculty of the political sciences " Cesare Alfieri " who saw, in 1924, Sandro Pertini diplômer.

The Foundation Sandro Pertini, has as an main objective to preserve the spirit and the thought of Sandro Pertini through the safeguarding of the inheritance of the political great man made up of books, historical files, photographs, tables and various documents intended for the public and that to diffuse the values for which Pertini fought all its life.

Curiosities

Pertini accepted its money medal of the military value obtained during the First World War only when he became President of the Republic, after research of the major state of the armies. When one proposed to give it to him, he refused indicating that if the mode of then denied the merit of it to him, he did not appear right to him to recover it because of his position of President of the Republic. He accepted the medal at the end of his presidential mandate, in his office of senator with life, of the hands of the president of the senate Giovanni Spadolini.
Pertini was elected president of the House of Commons for the period of dispute of the students in 1968 and he was the first politician nondemocratic Christian and of left to occupy this load. In 1978, at the time of the Years of lead, little month before the assassination of Aldo Moro, it was elected President of the republic with the support of all the democratic parties and antifascists.
In 1938 the chart of the PSI was dedicated to Pertini, Rodolfo Morandi and Antonio Pesenti captive of the fascistic prisons.
Pertini was the first president of the Republic to confer the responsibility of form the government with a laic personality nondemocratic Christian Giovanni Spadolini, which presented his government the June 28th 1981.
Pertini chooses not to live the Palais of Quirinal, preserving its residence in its Roman apartment according to the express desire of his wife.
Pertini had as a practice to spend its summer holidays to Selva di Val Gardena, being placed in the barracks of the police officers not to disturb the inhabitants with the security measures. Near Valley di Fassa, in the commune of Campitello, it was built, in 1986, the refuge Sandro Pertini, in homage to the friendship which bound the President to the guard of the refuge.
Pertini was an actor of a cartoon ( Pertini , or Pertini Partigiano ) drawn by Andrea Pazienza and published in various satirical newspapers among which Cuore , Frigidaire , Male Cannibale and It . The unit was published in a volume by the editor Primo Carnera in 1983 and by Baldini & Castoldi in 1998. The cartoon immersed the President in the years of Italian resistance against the Nazism, depicting it like a courageous and pragmatic warrior, accompanied by Paz (the author even) her inefficient assistance. The series had a certain success and she was appreciated by Pertini even if he discussed much the style of Andrea Pazienza.
According to Italian monthly magazine Ciak , in 1938 Pertini played in the Film Fireworks ( Fuochi of artificio ), directed by Gennaro Righelli.
With died of Joseph Stalin, his parliamentary interventions greeted without reserve the chief of the Soviet Union, probably because of narrow alliance between the Italian Socialist party and the Italian Communist party:

we remain astonished by the size by this man that death presents to us in his right value. Men of all beliefs, friends and adversaries, each one today recognizes the immense stature of Joseph Stalin. It was a giant of the history and its memory will not know decline| Vittorio Messori, Pensare the storia , SugarcoEdizioni, (2006)

In 1980 Carmelo Bene dedicates a disc Carmelo Bene to him - Majakovskij , a concert for voices reciting and percussions.
In 1982, it made return of Spain, with the presidential plane, the team of Italy of football, hardly champion of the football world cup. On board, he undertook part of scopone with Dino Zoff and against Franco Causio - Enzo Bearzot. After having lost the part, he showed while joking the guard to be themselves misled and to be responsible for the defeat.
In 1983 the singer and the author Louse Cutugno present at the Festival of Sanremo the song Italiano which quotes Pertini: let us have a partisan as President ( Partigiano as President ).
In 2006, the ligure musical group Buio Pesto dedicated a song in ligure dialect to president Pertini.

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