Sandro Botticelli

Biography

Botticelli between at the fifteen years age in the workshop of FRA Filippo Lippi (1406 - 1469), monk and painter of Florence, author of religious paintings. He works there with the painters Antonio del Pollaiuolo and Andrea del Verrocchio. This training of the Goldsmithery, engraving and chiselling influences the line of its drawing. Botticelli works much with the craftsmen and in particular with his Antonio brother, goldsmith with whom it divides his workshop.

As from 1481, Botticelli is destined for Rome by the pope Sixte IV to decorate the Chapelle Sixtine helped with three other great painters. The competition which exists between the pope and Médicis, their patrons, makes that its talent is not recognized.

It carries out three large frescos:

“Tests of Brace”
“Tests of Christ”
“the punishment of Coré”

Then it returns to Florence, furious on the injustice which was made with its masterpieces, and decides not to leave its birthplace never again. At once returned, it paints the Birth of Venus in 1484, one of its more beautiful works.

It had as raises Filippino Lippi, the son of its Master, FRA Filippo Lippi.

Discusses concerning its faith

It is present at Florence while Savonarole transforms it into Théocratie (1497). It carries itself some of its naked female to the Bûcher vanities. One can question oneself to know if this act more or less voluntary or is forced.

Naked, Venus botticellienne lost its forms considerably, which is not without implication for the symbolism of the painter.

Works

Allegories

This painter is known for his allegory S. Its study of Antiquity gréco-Roman belongs to her humanities (training). Intellectual painter whose public is composed of the courtiers of an high level of culture, as much as richissimes, it paints many paintings on the mode of the reference to the Hellenic Mythographie to draw some from the fine allusions intended for his amateurs.

the Calumny of Calls constitutes an emblem of this type of work.

Its topic general of work is the Représentation of the woman, on whom it carries a new glance, while magnifiant it and making it sublime: the amateurs of its art of his time never could equalize such a splendor in the smoothness of the features and the carnal representation.

Religious topics

In its religious topics let us announce that of the Annonciation and that of the Vierge to the Child (Madonna):

the Annunciazione di Cestello , realized in 1489 and 1490 in Moderated on panel of 240 cm X 235 cm, restored in 1978 and preserved at the Galerie of the Offices.
the Annunciazione di San Martino went Scala realized in 1481, a fresco of 243 cm × 555 cm, transferred on panel and preserved at the Gallery of the Offices of Florence, and which was at the origin at the entry of the church San Martino of the Hospital of the pestiferous ones.
the Annunciazione paved chiesa fiorentina di San Barnaba realized in 1490 on fabric of 49,5 cm X 58,5 cm, preserved at Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum of Glasgow,
a Annunciazione , moderated of them on panel of 21 cm X 269 cm, realized between 1490 and 1492, preserved at the Gallery of the Offices of Florence, beforehand prédelle of a retable of San Marco, a very stripped sight reduced to the essential elements.
a Annunciazione , moderated of them on fabric of 23,9 cm X 36,5 cm realized between 1490 and 1493, preserved at the Metropolitan Museum off Art of New York.

Paintings

1467, Madonna

1468, Madonna and two angels
1470, Fortitude

1470, the Madonna with the Rosery (the Virgin and the child and 5 angels)
1470, Allegory of the force

1472, the Return of Judith
1472, Discovered murder of Holopherne

1473, Holy Sebastien
1473, Portrait of an unknown holding the medal of Cosme de Médicis
1475, Worship of the magi

1475, Holy Catherine ofAlexandria , in portrait of Catherine Sforza, preserved at the Lindenau-Museum of Altenburg (Germany).

1478, Portrait of Julien de Médicis
1480, Come and Mars

1480, Portrait of an young woman
1481/85, the Madonna of the Magnificat, Tondo
1482, Spring

1482, Scene of the life of Brace
1482, the Punishment of Coré

1482, the Temptation of Christ
1482, Pallas and the Centaur

1483, Venus and Mars
1483, History of Nastagio degli Onesti (1 {{er}} episode)

1483, History of Nastagio degli Onesti (2nd episode)
1483, History of Nastagio degli Onesti (3 {{E}} episode)

1483, History of Nastagio degli Onesti (4th episode)
1485, Birth of Come

1487, the Madonna of Pomegranate
1489, the Annunciation of Cestello

1490, the Annunciation
1490-1493, the Annunciation

1490, Holy Jerome
1495, Portrait of Dante

1495, Abandoned the
1501, the Calumny of Calls

1501, the mystical Nativity

Frescos

Sixtine vault

Botticelli is called in Rome in 1481 by the pope Sixte IV to carry out three frescos: the punishment of Coré, tests of Brace and the temptation of Jesus Tests of Brace:

the Punishment of Coré , or Rising against the law of Brace , last fresco painted by Botticelli in Rome: The fresco includes/understands three scenes where Moïse appears represented as an old man with long white beard adorned with a coat green-olive recovering a yellow tunic:

on the right, the Jews revolt against Moïse and threaten to lapidate it, but Josué is placed in front of him to protect it; the two characters represented behind Moïse are the cardinal Alexandre Farnèse, future pope Paul III, and Pomponius Laetus ();
in the center, the wire of Aaron, and the Lévites which practiced encensement prohibited breaks down, vis-a-vis the high priest Aaron, wearing the tiara and a tunic blue;
on the left, the leaders undergo the divine punishment: the ground half-opens under their feet; above, the two innocent wire of Coré are saved and carried by a cloud; in background, the man in black is a self-portrait of Botticelli.

Other frescos

Villa Lemmi: The fresco represents Venus, surrounded by Three Graces, depositing a gift in the linen which tightens to him a promised in marriage young person; this one would be Matteo di Andrea Albizzi , which married Niccolo Tornabuoni in 1484.

Parchments

the chart of the Hell, illustration for the Divine comedy of Dante.

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